Balasubramaniam R, Beneragama B V S H, Sri Ranganathan S
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Ceylon Med J. 2011 Sep;56(3):101-7. doi: 10.4038/cmj.v56i3.3597.
To investigate the availability of key essential medicines for children in Sri Lanka.
This national survey assessed the availability of 25 key essential medicines for children using the WHO/Health Action International medicine price methodology. Data were collected from a representative sample of 40 public hospitals (Outpatients Department pharmacies), 40 private and 8 'Rajya Osusala' (ROS) pharmacies. The hospitals and pharmacies were selected from 8 provinces using a multistage clustered approach to represent different levels of public hospitals. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis.
The mean per cent availability of the basket of survey medicines was 52% in pubic hospitals when compared to 80% in private, and 88% in ROS pharmacies. teaching/general hospitals had better availability (mean per cent availability 62%) than district hospitals (54%), peripheral units (49%) and central dispensaries (45%). Availability of anti-infectives, anti-asthma medicines and oral liquid preparations of carbamazepine, iron, paracetamol, domperidone and ibuprofen was found to be less in public hospitals than private and ROS pharmacies. Availability in public hospitals similar to that of private and ROS pharmacies was only for paracetamol tablet, oral rehydration salt, vitamin C and chlorphenamine syrup.
Key essential medicines for children were less available in public hospitals than in private and ROS pharmacies. This deprives children from access to effective and safe medicines more in the public hospitals than in the private sector or ROS.
调查斯里兰卡儿童关键基本药物的可及性。
这项全国性调查采用世界卫生组织/国际卫生行动组织的药品价格方法，评估了25种儿童关键基本药物的可及性。数据收集自40家公立医院（门诊部药房）、40家私立药房和8家“拉贾奥苏萨拉”（ROS）药房的代表性样本。医院和药房从8个省份中选取，采用多阶段整群抽样方法以代表不同级别的公立医院。使用描述性统计进行分析。
与私立药房的80%和ROS药房的88%相比，公立医院中调查药品篮子的平均可及率为52%。教学/综合医院的可及性（平均可及率62%）优于地区医院（54%）、基层单位（49%）和中央药房（45%）。发现公立医院中抗感染药物、抗哮喘药物以及卡马西平、铁、对乙酰氨基酚、多潘立酮和布洛芬的口服液体制剂的可及性低于私立药房和ROS药房。公立医院中与私立药房和ROS药房类似的可及性仅针对对乙酰氨基酚片、口服补液盐、维生素C和氯苯那敏糖浆。
公立医院中儿童关键基本药物的可及性低于私立药房和ROS药房。这使得公立医院的儿童比私立部门或ROS药房的儿童更难以获得有效和安全的药物。
