Department of Neurology, Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012 Jan;18 Suppl 1:S183-5. doi: 10.1016/S1353-8020(11)70057-8.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a disease of an aging population and its etiology is still unknown. In vivo models are attempts to capture as many of the hallmarks of PD as possible. To this end, a number of animal models are in use. These models parallel our thinking about the etiology of PD. Thus, herein, we discuss the most popular neurotoxin animal models, 6-hydroxydopamine and MPTP as one school of thought believes that PD is the result of a toxic insult. Since several researchers think that pesticide and herbicide use can increase the risk of developing PD, we review some of the aspects of rotenone and paraquat in rodents. Furthermore, now that we know that 10% of all PD cases are genetic in nature, we discuss some of the more common genetic rodent models of PD. None of the above models captures all of the hallmarks of PD. Thus, a given model should never be used indiscriminately to investigate every question, but should instead be carefully selected on the basis of being the most suitable model for the question being asked.
帕金森病（PD）是一种老龄化人口疾病，其病因仍不清楚。体内模型试图尽可能多地捕捉 PD 的特征。为此，许多动物模型正在使用中。这些模型与我们对 PD 病因的思考相一致。因此，在这里，我们讨论最流行的神经毒素动物模型，6-羟多巴胺和 MPTP，因为有一种观点认为 PD 是毒性损伤的结果。由于一些研究人员认为杀虫剂和除草剂的使用会增加患 PD 的风险，我们回顾了一些关于鱼藤酮和百草枯在啮齿动物中的作用。此外，既然我们知道所有 PD 病例中有 10%是遗传性的，我们就来讨论一些常见的遗传 PD 啮齿动物模型。上述任何模型都不能完全捕捉到 PD 的所有特征。因此，给定的模型不应不加区别地用于研究所有问题，而应根据最适合所提出问题的模型进行仔细选择。
