Meena P D, Chattopadhyay C, Kumar A, Awasthi R P, Singh R, Kaur S, Thomas L, Goyal P, Chand P
Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research (ICAR), Sewar, Bharatpur - 321 303, India.
J Environ Biol. 2011 May;32(3):375-9.
High severity of Altemaria blight disease is a major constraint in production of rapeseed-mustard in India. The aim of this study was to investigate the suppressive potential of chemicals viz., zinc sulphate, borax, sulphur, potash and calcium sulphate, aqueous extracts viz., Eucalyptus globosus (50 g l-1) leaf extract and garlic (Allium sativum) bulb (20 g l-1) extract, cow urine and bio-agents Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescence in comparison with the recommended chemical fungicide (mancozeb), against foliar disease Alternaria blight of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss] under five different geographical locations of India. Mancozeb recorded the lowest mean severity (leaf: 33.1%; pod: 26.3%) of Alternaria blight with efficacy of garlic bulb extract alone (leaf = 34.4%; pod = 27.3%) or in combination with cow urine (leaf = 34.2%; pod = 28.6%) being statistically at par with the recommended chemical fungicide. Chemicals also proved effective in reducing Alternaria blight severity on leaves and pods of Indian mustard (leaf = 36.3-37.9%; pod = 27.5-30.1%). The effective treatments besides providing significant reduction in disease severity also enabled increase in dry seed yield of the crop (mancozeb = 2052 kg ha-1; garlic = 2006 kg ha-1; control = 1561 kg ha-1).
链格孢叶枯病的高严重程度是印度油菜籽-芥菜生产的主要限制因素。本研究的目的是调查化学药剂（即硫酸锌、硼砂、硫磺、钾肥和硫酸钙）、水提取物（即蓝桉（50 g l-1）叶提取物和大蒜（葱属）鳞茎（20 g l-1）提取物）、牛尿和生物制剂哈茨木霉、荧光假单胞菌与推荐的化学杀菌剂（代森锰锌）相比，在印度五个不同地理位置对印度芥菜[芥菜（L.）Czern.和Coss]叶部病害链格孢叶枯病的抑制潜力。代森锰锌记录的链格孢叶枯病平均严重程度最低（叶：33.1%；荚：26.3%），单独使用大蒜鳞茎提取物（叶=34.4%；荚=27.3%）或与牛尿联合使用（叶=34.2%；荚=28.6%）的效果在统计学上与推荐的化学杀菌剂相当。化学药剂也被证明对降低印度芥菜叶片和荚上的链格孢叶枯病严重程度有效（叶=36.3-37.9%；荚=27.5-30.1%）。除了显著降低病害严重程度外，有效的处理还能提高作物的干种子产量（代森锰锌=205 kg ha-1；大蒜=2006 kg ha-1；对照=1561 kg ha-1）。
