日本幼儿园儿童午睡模式与夜间睡眠的关系。

Relationship between napping pattern and nocturnal sleep among Japanese nursery school children.

机构信息

Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

出版信息

Sleep Med. 2012 Jan;13(1):107-10. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2011.10.017. Epub 2011 Dec 14.

DOI:10.1016/j.sleep.2011.10.017

PMID:22172963

Abstract

BACKGROUND

It has been suggested that the daytime napping patterns of children differ according to racial and cultural backgrounds. The objectives of this study were to describe the daytime nap durations of Japanese nursery school children and to elucidate their relationship to nocturnal bedtimes.

METHODS

The mothers of 967 children between 0 and 5 years of age recorded sleep logs for 9 consecutive nights. Considering the fact that the subject children were scheduled to take a nap on weekday afternoons, we investigated the proportion of children napping and the relationship between daytime nap duration and nocturnal bedtime on the basis of the data obtained on weekends when children were free from a specific nap schedule.

RESULTS

The percentage of children who habitually took a nap was 100% in those under 1 year old, and the percentages were 96.8%, 81.8%, 53.4%, 28.0%, and 9.0% in 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children, respectively. There were significant relationships between nap duration and bedtime in the corresponding night in 2- to 5-year-old children. The "two hours or more" nap group showed a significantly later bedtime than the "no nap" and the "one hour or more but less than two hours" groups in the 2-year-old children (p<0.01 for both). The "two hours or more" nap group showed a significantly later bedtime than the other groups (p<0.01), and the "one hour or more but less than two hours" nap group showed a significantly later bedtime than the "no nap" group in the 3-year-old children (p<0.05). In the 4- to 5-year-old children, the "one hour or more but less than two hours" and "two hours or more" nap groups showed a significantly later bedtime than the "no nap" group (p<0.01 for both).

CONCLUSION

Daytime naps naturally become less common after the third birthday among Japanese nursery school children. The longer the nap durations in 2- to 5-year-old children, the later they went to bed on the corresponding night.

摘要

背景

有研究表明，儿童的日间小睡模式因种族和文化背景而异。本研究的目的是描述日本幼儿园儿童的日间午睡时间，并阐明其与夜间就寝时间的关系。

方法

967 名 0 至 5 岁儿童的母亲连续 9 个晚上记录睡眠日志。考虑到受试儿童在工作日下午有安排午睡，我们根据周末（儿童没有特定午睡时间表）获得的数据，调查了午睡儿童的比例以及日间午睡时间与夜间就寝时间的关系。

结果

1 岁以下儿童习惯性午睡的比例为 100%，1、2、3、4 和 5 岁儿童的午睡比例分别为 96.8%、81.8%、53.4%、28.0%和 9.0%。2 至 5 岁儿童的午睡时间与相应夜间的就寝时间存在显著关系。与“无午睡”和“1 小时或以上但不足 2 小时”组相比，“2 小时或以上”午睡组在 2 岁儿童中的就寝时间明显较晚（p<0.01）。与其他组相比，“2 小时或以上”午睡组的就寝时间明显较晚（p<0.01），“1 小时或以上但不足 2 小时”午睡组的就寝时间明显较晚（p<0.05）与“无午睡”组在 3 岁儿童中。在 4 至 5 岁儿童中，“1 小时或以上但不足 2 小时”和“2 小时或以上”午睡组的就寝时间明显晚于“无午睡”组（p<0.01）。