Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal.
Waste Manag. 2012 Mar;32(3):532-41. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.11.011. Epub 2011 Dec 17.
The purpose of this study is to quantify comparable environmental impacts within a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) perspective, for buildings in which the first (Materials) and last (End of Life) life cycle stages are adjusted to several waste/material management options. Unlike most LCAs, the approach is "top-down" rather than "bottom-up", which usually involves large amounts of data and the use of specific software applications. This approach is considered appropriate for a limited but expedient LCA designed to compare the environmental impacts of different life cycle options. Present results, based on real buildings measurements and demolition contractor activities, show that shallow, superficial, selective demolition may not result in reduced environmental impacts. Calculations actually show an increase (generally less than 5%) in most impact categories for the Materials and End of Life stages because of extra transportation needs. However, core material separation in demolition operations and its recycling and/or reuse does bring environmental benefits. A reduction of around 77% has been estimated in the climate change impact category, 57% in acidification potential and 81% in the summer smog impact (for the life cycle stages referred).
本研究旨在通过生命周期分析（LCA）的角度来量化可比的环境影响，这些建筑的第一（材料）和最后（生命末期）生命周期阶段可调整到几种废物/材料管理方案。与大多数 LCA 不同，该方法是“自上而下”而不是“自下而上”，通常涉及大量数据和特定软件应用程序的使用。这种方法被认为适用于有限但方便的 LCA，旨在比较不同生命周期方案的环境影响。基于实际建筑物测量和拆除承包商活动的现有结果表明，浅层、表面、选择性拆除可能不会减少环境影响。由于额外的运输需求，计算实际上表明材料和生命末期阶段的大多数影响类别都会增加（通常不超过 5%）。然而，在拆除作业中对核心材料进行分离及其回收和/或再利用确实会带来环境效益。气候变化影响类别估计减少了约 77%，酸化潜力减少了 57%，夏季烟雾影响减少了 81%（针对所涉及的生命周期阶段）。
