François M, Marie P, Narcy P
Service ORL du Pr Narcy, hôpital Robert-Debré, faculté Xavier-Bichat, Paris.
Rev Prat. 1990 Sep 1;40(19):1733-7.
Deafness must be systematically looked for in children during the first year of life, since the behaviour of a child with impaired hearing may closely resemble that of a child with normal hearing. Severe or deep deafness can be detected at birth by means of a babymeter. Between the ages of 6 and 18 months, sound-emitting toy tests enable deafness to be detected. It is only at the age of 2-3 years that testing can be performed separately on each ear to detect unilateral deafness. Treatment varies according to the degree and type of deafness. Conduction deafness is usually due to otitis media serosa and is treated with transtympanic aerators. Perceptive deafness requires acoustic prosthesis associated with orthophony and parental guidance.
必须在儿童出生后的第一年对其进行系统性的听力检查，因为听力受损儿童的行为可能与听力正常儿童的行为极为相似。严重或深度耳聋在出生时可通过听力计检测出来。在6至18个月大时，可通过发声玩具测试来检测耳聋情况。只有到2至3岁时，才能分别对每只耳朵进行测试以检测单侧耳聋。治疗方法因耳聋的程度和类型而异。传导性耳聋通常由浆液性中耳炎引起，可通过鼓膜通气器进行治疗。感音神经性耳聋则需要结合助听器、语音矫正以及家长指导进行治疗。
