Tran Ba Huy P, Fouda A
Service de clinique ORL, hôpital Lariboisière, Paris.
Rev Prat. 1990 Sep 1;40(19):1743-50.
In the vast majority of cases, conduction deafness is due to a lesion of the eardrum-ossicles system located in the middle ear. The diagnosis, relatively easy, rests on the results of acoumetry (performed with a tuning-fork), audiometry and acoustic impedance measurement. The causes of conduction deafness are multiple and can be divided into 5 categories: major or minor malformations, injuries, tumours, otospongiosis and chronic otitis media. The last two named are the most frequent and must be considered first. Otospongiosis is the most common cause of conduction deafness with healthy typanic membrane. Kophosurgery usually triumphs in this field, even though occasional incidents or accidents must be deplored. Chronic otitis media has different forms and usually succeeds to an inflammatory disease of childhood: serous otitis which is the most obvious common factor in all forms. Despite its apparent complexity, otitis media can be diagnosed by the general practitioner. Although kophosurgery has made remarkable advances, surgical treatment is not always required.
在绝大多数情况下，传导性耳聋是由位于中耳的鼓膜 - 听小骨系统病变引起的。诊断相对容易，基于听力测定（用音叉进行）、听力测验法和声阻抗测量的结果。传导性耳聋的病因多种多样，可分为五类：重大或轻微畸形、损伤、肿瘤、耳硬化症和慢性中耳炎。后两者最为常见，必须首先考虑。耳硬化症是鼓膜健康时传导性耳聋最常见的原因。镫骨手术在这一领域通常很成功，尽管偶尔会有令人遗憾的事件或意外发生。慢性中耳炎有不同形式，通常继发于儿童时期的炎症性疾病：浆液性中耳炎是所有形式中最明显的常见因素。尽管中耳炎看似复杂，但全科医生也能做出诊断。虽然镫骨手术取得了显著进展，但并非总是需要手术治疗。
