2004-2009 年美国国家职业培训计划中进入人员的淋病奈瑟菌感染率——男性和女性。

Prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections among men and women entering the National Job Training Program--United States, 2004-2009.

机构信息

Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.

出版信息

Sex Transm Dis. 2012 Jan;39(1):49-54. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318231cd5d.

DOI:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318231cd5d

PMID:22183847

Abstract

BACKGROUND

National notifiable disease data indicate that there were 99 cases of gonorrhea for every 100,000 persons in the United States in 2009, the lowest recorded gonorrhea rate in US history. However, the extent to which declining case reports signify a reduction in prevalence is unknown.

METHODS

Gonorrhea prevalence was estimated among 16- to 24-year-old men and women entering the National Job Training Program (NJTP) between 2004 and 2009. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the probability of testing positive for gonorrhea over time.

RESULTS

A total of 95,184 men and 91,697 women were screened for gonorrhea upon entry to the NJTP between 2004 and 2009. For women, gonorrhea prevalence increased from 2004 (2.6%) to 2006 (2.9%), then decreased steadily through 2009 (1.8%). For men, prevalence increased from 2004 (1.3%) to 2005 (1.6%), then decreased through 2009 (0.9%). Gonorrhea prevalence among black women decreased from 3.6% in 2004 to 2.5% in 2009 and was 2 to 4 times higher than prevalence among white women. Likewise, prevalence among black men decreased from 2.0% to 1.5% and was 8 to 22 times higher than prevalence among white men. After adjusting for gonorrhea risk factors, the odds of women and men testing positive for gonorrhea decreased by 50% and 40%, respectively, from 2004 to 2009.

CONCLUSIONS

Declining trends in gonorrhea infection among NJTP entrants are similar to those observed in gonorrhea case report data, suggesting that the decrease in case reports is due to a decrease in prevalence. However, targeted interventions are needed to reduce gonorrhea infections in populations with disproportionate risk.

摘要

背景

国家法定传染病数据显示，2009 年美国每 10 万人中有 99 例淋病，这是美国历史上淋病发病率最低的记录。然而，下降的病例报告在多大程度上表明流行率的降低尚不清楚。

方法

在 2004 年至 2009 年期间，对进入国家就业培训计划（NJTP）的 16 至 24 岁男性和女性进行了淋病流行率估计。多变量逻辑回归用于评估随时间检测出淋病的概率。

结果

在 2004 年至 2009 年期间，共有 95184 名男性和 91697 名女性在进入 NJTP 时接受了淋病筛查。对于女性，淋病流行率从 2004 年（2.6%）上升到 2006 年（2.9%），然后在 2009 年稳步下降（1.8%）。对于男性，流行率从 2004 年（1.3%）上升到 2005 年（1.6%），然后在 2009 年下降（0.9%）。黑人女性的淋病流行率从 2004 年的 3.6%下降到 2009 年的 2.5%，是白人女性的 2 至 4 倍。同样，黑人男性的流行率从 2.0%下降到 1.5%，是白人男性的 8 至 22 倍。调整淋病危险因素后，女性和男性检测出淋病的几率分别从 2004 年到 2009 年下降了 50%和 40%。