Blatter G, Suter P
Klinik für Orthopädische Chirurgie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1990 Sep 22;120(38):1400-5.
Posterior dislocation of the shoulder is rare. Only 2% of dislocated shoulders are displaced posteriorly, and these are chiefly of the subacromial type. Over 60% of the cases are not diagnosed initially because the arm is held in the normal position of adduction and internal rotation. The most consistent findings on physical examination are: the fixed internal rotation of the arm and the characteristic movement of the scapula with abduction of the upper extremity. It is essential that appropriate radiographs are obtained to correctly diagnose the dislocation. While the routine anteroposterior shoulder film is often enough to diagnose various anterior dislocations, it is not sufficient to diagnose the subacromial type of posterior dislocation. We recommend an anteroposterior view and an axillary lateral or tangential scapula view.
肩关节后脱位较为罕见。仅2%的肩关节脱位为后脱位,且主要为肩峰下型。超过60%的病例最初未被诊断出来,因为手臂处于内收和内旋的正常位置。体格检查中最一致的发现是:手臂固定在内旋位以及上肢外展时肩胛骨的特征性运动。必须拍摄适当的X线片以正确诊断脱位。虽然常规的肩关节前后位片通常足以诊断各种前脱位,但对于诊断肩峰下型后脱位并不足够。我们建议拍摄前后位片以及腋窝侧位或肩胛骨切线位片。