Komatsu Masaru
Preparation room for the establishment of Tenri Health Care University, Tenri Hospital, Tenri 632-0018, Japan.
Rinsho Byori. 2011 Oct;59(10):944-6.
In Japan, laws and ordinances were enforced to relax the regulation of the clinical laboratory setting in hospitals by revising the law of medical institutions in 2001. For this reason, outsourcing hospital microbiological testing, particularly by medium- or small-sized hospitals, was encouraged. The advantage of outsourcing microbiological testing is promotion of an efficient hospital management by cost saving. In contrast, the disadvantages are as follows: deterioration of specimen quality by extension of transportation time, delay in reporting by an independent laboratory compared with that by a hospital-based laboratory; this report is generally obtained within 1 or 2 days, difficulty and lack of communication between the laboratory staff and physician, and deterioration of the value of the microbiology report and the quality of the infection control system in a hospital. In addition to performing profit-related maintenance, independent laboratories should strive hard to maintain the same quality as that of a laboratory registered in a hospital. Furthermore, the new role of independent laboratories demands them to have a system allowing instant communication of information regarding the crisis control of infectious diseases to a hospital.
在日本，2001年通过修订医疗机构法，实施了相关法律法规以放宽对医院临床检验科室设置的监管。因此，鼓励医院将微生物检测业务外包，尤其是中小型医院。外包微生物检测的优势在于通过节省成本促进医院管理效率提升。相比之下，其劣势如下：运输时间延长导致标本质量下降；独立实验室报告结果比医院内设实验室延迟，医院内设实验室通常在1至2天内就能出报告；实验室工作人员与医生之间沟通困难且缺乏交流；医院微生物学报告的价值降低以及感染控制体系质量下降。除了进行与盈利相关的维护工作外，独立实验室应努力保持与医院注册实验室相同的质量水平。此外，独立实验室的新角色要求其建立一个系统，以便能将传染病危机控制相关信息即时传达给医院。
