Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London, UK.
Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2012 Jan;48(1):2-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6163.2010.00299.x. Epub 2011 Feb 16.
This study explores the relationship of special observation (SO) to a range of patient, staff, and ward variables.
End-of-shift reports were completed by nurses on 136 acute mental health wards in England during 2004 and 2005.
Intermittent SO (patient checked at specified intervals) was used five times more frequently than constant SO (patient kept within sight or reach). Significant relationships were found between SO and measures of ward surveillance, door locking, and the ease of observing patients on the wards. Both types of SO were more common when higher numbers of staff without a nursing qualification were on duty.
Improved ward design, less reliance on unqualified staff, and greater use of surveillance measures may reduce the need for SO.
本研究探讨了特殊观察（SO）与一系列患者、员工和病房变量之间的关系。
2004 年至 2005 年，英国 136 个急性心理健康病房的护士在轮班结束时完成了报告。
间歇性 SO（按规定间隔检查患者）的使用频率是持续 SO（将患者保持在视线或可及范围内）的五倍。SO 与病房监测、门锁以及观察病房内患者的方便程度等措施之间存在显著关系。当值班的非护理资格员工人数增加时，这两种类型的 SO 更为常见。
改善病房设计、减少对非合格员工的依赖以及更多地使用监测措施，可能会减少对 SO 的需求。
