Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-Universität, Ketzerbach 63, D-35037 Marburg, Germany.
J Control Release. 2012 Jul 20;161(2):214-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.12.004. Epub 2011 Dec 13.
Pulmonary drug and gene delivery to the lung represents a non-invasive avenue for local and systemic therapies. However, the respiratory tract provides substantial barriers that need to be overcome for successful pulmonary application. In this regard, micro- and nano-sized particles offer novel concepts for the development of optimized therapeutic tools in pulmonary research. Polymeric nano-carriers are generally preferred as controlled pulmonary delivery systems due to prolonged retention in the lung. Specific manipulation of nano-carrier characteristics enables the design of "intelligent" carriers specific for modulation of the duration and intensity of pharmacological effects. New formulations should be tested for pulmonary absorption and distribution using more advanced ex vivo and in vivo models. The delivery of nano-carriers to the air-space enables a detailed characterization of the interaction between the carrier vehicle and the natural pulmonary environment. In summary, polymeric nanoparticles seem to be especially promising as controlled delivery systems and represent a solid basis for future advancement for pulmonary delivery applications.
肺部的药物和基因传递代表了一种非侵入性的局部和全身治疗途径。然而，呼吸道提供了大量需要克服的障碍，才能使肺部应用取得成功。在这方面，微纳米级颗粒为开发肺部研究中优化治疗工具提供了新的概念。由于在肺部的滞留时间延长，聚合物纳米载体通常被优选为控制肺部给药系统。通过对纳米载体特性的特定操作，可以设计出针对调节药理作用持续时间和强度的“智能”载体。应该使用更先进的离体和体内模型来测试新配方的肺部吸收和分布。纳米载体递送到气腔中，使载体与天然肺部环境之间的相互作用能够得到详细的表征。总之，聚合物纳米颗粒作为控制释放系统似乎具有很大的前景，为肺部给药应用的未来发展奠定了坚实的基础。
