Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e29260. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029260. Epub 2011 Dec 14.
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid mediator enriched in serum, stimulates cell migration, proliferation and other functions in many cell types. LPA acts on six known G protein-coupled receptors, termed LPA(1-6), showing both overlapping and distinct signaling properties. Here we show that, unexpectedly, LPA and serum almost completely inhibit the transwell migration of B16 melanoma cells, with alkyl-LPA(18:1) being 10-fold more potent than acyl-LPA(18:1). The anti-migratory response to LPA is highly polarized and dependent on protein kinase A (PKA) but not Rho kinase activity; it is associated with a rapid increase in intracellular cAMP levels and PIP3 depletion from the plasma membrane. B16 cells express LPA(2), LPA(5) and LPA(6) receptors. We show that LPA-induced chemorepulsion is mediated specifically by the alkyl-LPA-preferring LPA(5) receptor (GPR92), which raises intracellular cAMP via a noncanonical pathway. Our results define LPA(5) as an anti-migratory receptor and they implicate the cAMP-PKA pathway, along with reduced PIP3 signaling, as an effector of chemorepulsion in B16 melanoma cells.
溶血磷脂酸(LPA)是一种富含于血清中的脂质介质,可刺激许多细胞类型的细胞迁移、增殖和其他功能。LPA 作用于六种已知的 G 蛋白偶联受体,称为 LPA(1-6),表现出重叠和独特的信号特性。在这里,我们出人意料地发现,LPA 和血清几乎完全抑制 B16 黑色素瘤细胞的 Transwell 迁移,其中烷基-LPA(18:1)的效力比酰基-LPA(18:1)强 10 倍。对 LPA 的抗迁移反应具有高度极化性,依赖于蛋白激酶 A(PKA)但不依赖于 Rho 激酶活性;它与细胞内 cAMP 水平的快速增加和质膜中 PIP3 的耗竭有关。B16 细胞表达 LPA(2)、LPA(5)和 LPA(6)受体。我们表明,LPA 诱导的趋化排斥作用是由烷基-LPA 优先 LPA(5)受体(GPR92)特异性介导的,该受体通过非典型途径增加细胞内 cAMP。我们的结果将 LPA(5)定义为抗迁移受体,并暗示 cAMP-PKA 途径以及减少的 PIP3 信号传导作为 B16 黑色素瘤细胞趋化排斥的效应子。