Malmberg P, Hillerdal G
National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.
Ups J Med Sci. 1990;95(1):45-52. doi: 10.3109/03009739009178575.
All visitors to a general health survey in 1979, 17,140 men and 14,371 women, completed a questionnaire on smoking habits, exposure to asbestos, silica and welding fumes, and diseases such as pleural effusion, pneumonia, cough, asthma and diabetes. Seven per cent of the men reported exposure to asbestos, 10% to welding fumes, and 6% to silica. Among those who reported work related dust exposure there was a higher proportion of smokers, and smokers exposed to dust smoked more tobacco per day than non exposed smokers. In the group of men 30-59 years of age, who did not indicate exposure to occupational pollutants 2.7% reported previous pleural effusions. However, among asbestos exposed men of the same ages, the prevalence was more than doubled (5.7%, p less than 0.01). This finding was highly significant in a logistic regression model where age and smoking habits were included. The data indicate that 10% or more of diagnosed cases of pleurisy could be associated with previous asbestos exposure.
1979年参与一项综合健康调查的所有访客，包括17140名男性和14371名女性，都填写了一份关于吸烟习惯、接触石棉、二氧化硅和焊接烟雾情况以及胸膜炎、肺炎、咳嗽、哮喘和糖尿病等疾病的问卷。7%的男性报告接触过石棉，10%接触过焊接烟雾，6%接触过二氧化硅。在报告有与工作相关的粉尘接触的人群中，吸烟者的比例更高，且接触粉尘的吸烟者每天吸烟量比未接触粉尘的吸烟者更多。在30至59岁未表明接触职业污染物的男性组中，2.7%报告曾有过胸膜炎。然而，在同一年龄段接触石棉的男性中，患病率增加了一倍多（5.7%，p小于0.01）。在纳入年龄和吸烟习惯的逻辑回归模型中，这一发现具有高度显著性。数据表明，10%或更多的胸膜炎确诊病例可能与之前接触石棉有关。
