Zapata-García D, Llauradó M, Rauret G
Laboratori de Radiologia Ambiental (LRA), Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franqués, 1-11 Planta 3, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2012 Apr;70(4):705-11. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.12.018. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
The interaction of humans with radioactivity present in the environment from natural and artificial sources necessitates an evaluation of its risk on human health. Gross alpha and gross beta activities can provide a rapid evaluation of the radioactive content of a sample and can be simultaneously determined by using liquid scintillation counters. However, calibration of the liquid scintillation counter is required and is affected by many factors, such as particle energy and the acidity of the media. This study investigates what effect the particle energy used for calibration has on misclassification and how to account for this misclassification in routine measurements. The variability in measurement produced by the final pH, as well as any acids used in sample treatment, was also studied. These results showed that the most commonly used acid for these types of analyses, HNO(3), produced a high amount of misclassifications at very low pH. The results improved when HCl was used to adjust the sample to low pH.
人类与环境中天然和人工来源的放射性物质相互作用，因此有必要评估其对人类健康的风险。总α和总β活度可以快速评估样品的放射性含量，并且可以使用液体闪烁计数器同时测定。然而，液体闪烁计数器需要校准，并且会受到许多因素的影响，例如粒子能量和介质的酸度。本研究调查了用于校准的粒子能量对错误分类有何影响，以及如何在常规测量中考虑这种错误分类。还研究了最终pH值以及样品处理中使用的任何酸所产生的测量变异性。这些结果表明，这类分析中最常用的酸HNO₃在非常低的pH值下会产生大量错误分类。当使用HCl将样品调节至低pH值时，结果有所改善。
