School of Health Sciences and Social Care, Mary Seacole Building, Brunel University, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK.
Occup Med (Lond). 2012 Jan;62(1):4-11. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqr148.
In the UK, increasing numbers of paid employees are over 60 years with further increases expected as the state pension age rises. Some concern surrounds possible increased work-related illness and accidents for people working beyond the age of 60.
To identify the available evidence for health and safety risks of workers over age 60 years with respect to factors associated with injuries and accidents.
Databases searched included PUBMED, OSHUpdate, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSHTIC-2), SafetyLit, the UK The Health and Safety Executive (HSELINE) and the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety until December 2009. Inclusion criteria were workers aged over 60 years. Findings were grouped into occupational accidents and injuries and individual and workplace factors that may have influenced risk of injury to the over-60s.
Very little direct evidence was found concerning safety practices and health risks of workers over age 60. Some safety risks were associated with specific physical declines such as age-related hearing loss. Overall, these workers had fewer accidents and injuries but these were more likely to be serious or fatal when they occurred. There was no strong evidence that work patterns, including shift work or overtime, affected safety. Protective, compensatory strategies or experience may maintain safe working practices.
Implications for health and safety risks cannot be assessed without longitudinal research on workforces with substantial numbers of workers over age 60 in order to address the healthy worker effect.
在英国，越来越多的受薪员工年龄在 60 岁以上，随着国家养老金年龄的提高，这一数字还将进一步增加。一些人担心，对于超过 60 岁仍在工作的人来说，工作相关的疾病和事故可能会增加。
确定与伤害和事故相关因素有关的 60 岁以上工人的健康和安全风险的现有证据。
搜索的数据库包括 PUBMED、OSHUpdate、美国国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSHTIC-2）、SafetyLit、英国健康与安全执行局（HSELINE）和加拿大职业健康与安全中心，截至 2009 年 12 月。纳入标准为年龄超过 60 岁的工人。将研究结果分为职业事故和伤害以及可能影响 60 岁以上人群受伤风险的个人和工作场所因素。
几乎没有直接证据表明 60 岁以上工人的安全实践和健康风险。一些安全风险与特定的身体衰退有关，例如与年龄相关的听力损失。总的来说，这些工人的事故和伤害较少，但当发生时，更有可能是严重或致命的。没有强有力的证据表明工作模式，包括轮班工作或加班，会影响安全。保护、补偿策略或经验可能会保持安全的工作实践。
如果没有对有大量 60 岁以上工人的劳动力进行长期研究，就无法评估健康和安全风险，以解决健康工人效应。
