US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, USA.
J Clin Invest. 2012 Jan;122(1):25-7. doi: 10.1172/JCI60988. Epub 2011 Dec 27.
Human adenoviral vectors are being developed for use in candidate vaccines for HIV-1 and other pathogens. However, this approach suffered a setback when an HIV-1 vaccine using an adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) vector failed to reduce, and might even have increased, the rate of HIV infection in men who were uncircumcised and who had preexisting antibodies specific for Ad5. This increased interest in the evaluation of serologically distinct adenoviral vectors. In this issue of the JCI, Frahm and coworkers report evidence that preexisting cellular immune responses directed toward Ad5 reduce the immunogenicity of antigens expressed in Ad5-vectored vaccines and have cross-reacting potential with non-Ad5 adenoviral vectors. The implications of this observation need to be carefully evaluated in future clinical trials of all serotypes of adenovirus-vectored vaccines.
正在开发用于 HIV-1 和其他病原体候选疫苗的人腺病毒载体。然而，当一种使用腺病毒 5 型 (Ad5) 载体的 HIV-1 疫苗未能降低甚至可能增加未行包皮环切术且预先存在针对 Ad5 的特异性抗体的男性中的 HIV 感染率时，这种方法遭受了挫折。人们对血清学上不同的腺病毒载体的评估产生了更大的兴趣。在本期 JCI 中，Frahm 及其同事报告了证据，表明针对 Ad5 的预先存在的细胞免疫应答降低了在 Ad5 载体疫苗中表达的抗原的免疫原性，并具有与非 Ad5 腺病毒载体交叉反应的潜力。这一观察结果的影响需要在未来所有血清型腺病毒载体疫苗的临床试验中仔细评估。
