Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2012 Jan 1;17(3):805-23. doi: 10.2741/3958.
Calcium is a ubiquitous signaling molecule, indispensable for cellular metabolism of organisms from unicellular life forms to higher eukaryotes. The biological function of most eukaryotic cells is uniquely regulated by changes in cytosolic calcium, which is largely achieved by the universal phenomenon of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). The canonical TRPs and Orai channels have been described as the molecular components of the store-operated calcium channels (SOCC). Importantly, the ER calcium-sensor STIM1 has been shown to initiate SOCE via gating of SOCC. Since the discovery of STIM1, as the critical regulator of SOCE, there has been a flurry of observations suggesting its obligatory role in regulating TRPC and Orai channel function. Considerable effort has been made to identify the molecular details as how STIM1 activates SOCC. In this context, findings as of yet has substantially enriched our understanding on, the modus operandi of SOCE, the distinct cellular locales that organize STIM1-SOCC complexes, and the physiological outcomes entailing STIM1-activated SOCE. In this review we discuss TRPC channels and provide an update on their functional regulation by STIM1.
钙是一种普遍存在的信号分子，对于从单细胞生物到高等真核生物的生物体的细胞代谢都是必不可少的。大多数真核细胞的生物学功能都是通过细胞溶质钙的变化来独特调节的，这主要是通过普遍存在的储存操作钙内流（SOCE）现象来实现的。经典的 TRP 通道和 Orai 通道被描述为储存操作钙通道（SOCC）的分子组成部分。重要的是，内质网钙传感器 STIM1 已被证明通过 SOCC 的门控来启动 SOCE。自从 STIM1 作为 SOCE 的关键调节剂被发现以来，已经有大量的观察结果表明它在调节 TRPC 和 Orai 通道功能方面具有强制性作用。人们已经做出了相当大的努力来确定 STIM1 激活 SOCC 的分子细节。在这种情况下，到目前为止的发现极大地丰富了我们对 SOCE 的作用方式、组织 STIM1-SOCC 复合物的不同细胞位置以及涉及 STIM1 激活的 SOCE 的生理结果的理解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 TRPC 通道，并提供了关于它们的功能调节的最新信息。
