Pandit Hrishikesh, Madhukaran Shanmuga P, Nayak Annapurna, Madan Taruna
National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India.
Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2012 Jan 1;4(2):651-61. doi: 10.2741/e406.
Innate immunity mediated by pattern recognition proteins is relevant in the host defense against fungi. SP-A and SP-D are two such proteins belonging to the class of collagen domain containing C-type lectins, or collectins. They bind to the sugar moieties present on the cell walls of various fungi in a dose dependent manner via their carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). SP-A and SP-D directly interact with alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes. We review these roles of SP-A and SP-D against various clinically relevant fungal pathogens and fungal allergens. SP-A and SP-D gene deficient mice showed increased susceptibility/ resistance to various fungal infections. Patients of fungal infections and allergies are reported with alterations in the serum or lung lavage levels of SP-A and SP-D. There are studies associating the gene polymorphisms in SP-A and SP-D with alterations in their levels or functions or susceptibility of the host to fungal diseases. In view of the protective role of SP-D in murine models of Aspergillus fumigatus infections and allergies, therapeutic use of SP-D could be explored further.
由模式识别蛋白介导的固有免疫在宿主抗真菌防御中发挥作用。表面活性蛋白A（SP-A）和表面活性蛋白D（SP-D）是属于含C型凝集素或胶原凝集素类的两种此类蛋白。它们通过其碳水化合物识别结构域（CRD）以剂量依赖的方式与各种真菌细胞壁上存在的糖部分结合。SP-A和SP-D直接与肺泡巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞相互作用。我们综述了SP-A和SP-D针对各种临床相关真菌病原体和真菌过敏原的这些作用。SP-A和SP-D基因缺陷小鼠对各种真菌感染的易感性/抵抗力增加。据报道，真菌感染和过敏患者的血清或肺灌洗中SP-A和SP-D水平发生改变。有研究将SP-A和SP-D中的基因多态性与其水平或功能的改变或宿主对真菌疾病的易感性联系起来。鉴于SP-D在烟曲霉感染和过敏的小鼠模型中的保护作用，可进一步探索SP-D的治疗用途。
