Kiessling D, Gerlach H, Kösters J
Institut für Geflügelkrankheiten, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1990 Oct;37(8):615-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1990.tb01105.x.
Following a definition of bacterial L-forms and a literature review on introduction and reversion of bacteria to and from L-forms, respectively, the results of a study comprising 587 samples (316 pigeons and 271 pigeon eggs) are reported. As a control 25 free living pigeons and 25 eggs of those pigeons were used, because antibiotic treatment of these could be excluded. From 79 samples (75 pigeons and 4 eggs) Salmonella typhimurium var. copenhagen (STMC) was isolated (none from the urban pigeons), of them 11 in the L-form from joints and organs and 3 from eggs. 325 of other bacterial isolates were found as L-forms (= approx. 40%). Out of 168 serum samples investigated, 33.9% showed antibodies against STMC. Corresponding antibodies could only be demonstrated in 73.4% of the pigeons with a STMC isolate. The occurrence of L-forms explains resistance to therapy and the failure of vaccines. The high frequency of L-forms is probably an indication of an inconsequential use of antibiotics in managing pigeon diseases.
在对细菌L型进行定义并分别对细菌向L型转变以及从L型回复的文献进行综述之后，报告了一项包含587个样本（316只鸽子和271枚鸽蛋）的研究结果。作为对照，使用了25只自由生活的鸽子及其25枚鸽蛋，因为可以排除对它们进行抗生素治疗的情况。从79个样本（75只鸽子和4枚鸽蛋）中分离出了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌哥本哈根变种（STMC）（城市鸽子中未分离到），其中11株来自关节和器官的L型，3株来自鸽蛋。其他细菌分离株中有325株为L型（约占40%）。在168份血清样本中，33.9%显示出针对STMC的抗体。相应抗体仅在73.4%分离到STMC的鸽子中检测到。L型的出现解释了治疗耐药性和疫苗失效的原因。L型的高频率出现可能表明在鸽子疾病管理中抗生素使用不当。
