Sood Parul, Priyadarshini Sushri, Aich Palok
School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, IOP Campus, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2012 Jan 1;4(1):43-60. doi: 10.2741/250.
Stress in general can be defined as a state of threatened balance, equilibrium or harmony that tends to disturb the homeostasis of the body. Stress can be of many kinds viz. psychological, physiological, social, emotional, and nutritional. Albeit the distinct kinds of stress stated in the aforementioned stress list, it is hard to bring out a clear distinction between them since each stress may precede or succeed the manifestation of any other. The studies discussed in the review elucidate effects of psychological stressors (PS) on diseases such as cancer, AIDS, epidermal abnormalities, obesity, and various inflammatory diseases like colonic inflammations, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), asthma. From these studies, further attempt was made to establish the basic mechanisms which come into play during a stressor stimulus and consequently modulate the physiology of the body. In this review we have highlighted effects of PS on diseases while simultaneously building on the modes of operation of PS to alter physiology and its further implications in developing potential psychotherapeutic methods for disease treatment.
一般来说，压力可以被定义为一种威胁到平衡、均衡或和谐的状态，这种状态往往会扰乱身体的内稳态。压力有多种类型，即心理压力、生理压力、社会压力、情绪压力和营养压力。尽管上述压力列表中列出了不同类型的压力，但很难明确区分它们，因为每种压力可能在其他任何一种压力出现之前或之后表现出来。综述中讨论的研究阐明了心理应激源（PS）对癌症、艾滋病、表皮异常、肥胖以及各种炎症性疾病（如结肠炎症、冠状动脉疾病（CAD）、冠心病（CHD）、哮喘）等疾病的影响。从这些研究中，人们进一步尝试确定在应激源刺激过程中发挥作用并进而调节身体生理机能的基本机制。在本综述中，我们强调了心理应激源对疾病的影响，同时阐述了心理应激源改变生理机能的作用方式及其在开发潜在疾病心理治疗方法方面的进一步意义。
