Pinto Alvaro, Merino María, Zamora Pilar, Redondo Andrés, Castelo Beatriz, Espinosa Enrique
Medical Oncology Department, Translational Oncology Unit, University Hospital La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
Tumour Biol. 2012 Apr;33(2):421-6. doi: 10.1007/s13277-011-0299-6. Epub 2011 Dec 29.
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men in Western countries. Until the last decade, the main available therapeutic options were based on hormonal therapy. For castration-refractory prostate carcinoma, from 2004, the combination of chemotherapy with docetaxel and prednisone has shown to improve survival in this subset of patients. Many agents have been tested either alone or in combination with this standard therapy, trying to find synergistic effects between drugs, and to target specific pathways that influence tumor growth, invasiveness, angiogenesis, and the development of distant metastasis. Endothelin antagonists have been recently studied, as they can get involved in many of these oncogenic pathways, and results are encouraging; nevertheless, the right setting to use them, whether to use them in monotherapy or in combination with other agents, and if they really improve the survival of our patients, are questions that remain to be addressed. In this review, we summarize the role of endothelins in tumoral biology and specifically in prostate carcinoma natural history, and the results obtained in the clinical trials involving this new therapeutic group.
前列腺癌是西方国家男性中最常见的恶性肿瘤。直到过去十年，主要的可用治疗选择都基于激素疗法。对于去势抵抗性前列腺癌，自2004年以来，多西他赛与泼尼松联合化疗已显示可改善该亚组患者的生存率。许多药物已单独或与这种标准疗法联合进行了测试，试图找到药物之间的协同作用，并针对影响肿瘤生长、侵袭性、血管生成和远处转移发展的特定途径。内皮素拮抗剂最近已被研究，因为它们可参与许多这些致癌途径，且结果令人鼓舞；然而，使用它们的正确方式，即是否单独使用、是否与其他药物联合使用，以及它们是否真的能提高我们患者的生存率，仍是有待解决的问题。在本综述中，我们总结了内皮素在肿瘤生物学特别是前列腺癌自然史中的作用，以及在涉及这一新治疗组的临床试验中所获得的结果。
