Latimer B, Lovejoy C O
Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Ohio 44106.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1990 Sep;83(1):13-23. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330830103.
Metatarsophalangeal joints from African pongids, modern humans, and Australopithecus afarensis are compared to investigate the anatomical and mechanical changes that accompanied the transition to terrestrial bipedality. Features analyzed include the shape and orientation of the metatarsal heads, excursion of the metatarsophalangeal joints, and orientation of the basal articular surface of the proximal phalanges. These features unequivocally segregate quadrupedal pongids and bipedal hominids and demonstrate a clear adaptation to terrestrial bipedality in the Hadar pedal skeleton.
对非洲猿类、现代人类和阿法南方古猿的跖趾关节进行比较，以研究向陆地双足行走过渡过程中伴随的解剖学和力学变化。分析的特征包括跖骨头的形状和方向、跖趾关节的活动范围以及近节趾骨基底关节面的方向。这些特征明确区分了四足行走的猿类和双足行走的原始人类，并表明哈达尔足部骨骼对陆地双足行走有明显的适应性。
