Multidisciplinary Osteoporosis Research Program, Women's College Hospital, 790 Bay Street, 7th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2012 Mar;10(1):86-92. doi: 10.1007/s11914-011-0087-7.
The number of osteoporotic fractures is increasing worldwide as populations age. An inexpensive and widely available treatment is necessary to alleviate this increase in fractures. Current treatments decrease fractures at trabecular bone sites (spine) but have limited effects at cortical sites (hip, legs, forearm, and upper arm)-the most common sites of osteoporotic fracture. Treatments are also limited by costs, side effects, and lack of availability. Nitric oxide is a novel agent that has the potential to influence cortical bone, is inexpensive, is widely available, and has limited side effects. In this review we evaluate the in vitro and in vivo data which support the concept that nitric oxide is important in bone cell function, review the observational and case-control studies reporting on subjects taking organic nitrates that act as nitric oxide donors, and review the effects of nitrates on bone mineral density measurements and fracture risk.
随着人口老龄化，世界范围内骨质疏松性骨折的数量正在增加。需要一种廉价且广泛可用的治疗方法来减轻这种骨折的增加。目前的治疗方法可以减少在小梁骨部位（脊柱）的骨折，但对皮质骨部位（髋部、腿部、前臂和上臂）的骨折影响有限，而这些部位是骨质疏松性骨折最常见的部位。治疗方法还受到成本、副作用和供应不足的限制。一氧化氮是一种新型药物，具有影响皮质骨的潜力，价格低廉，广泛可用，副作用有限。在这篇综述中，我们评估了支持一氧化氮对骨细胞功能重要性的体外和体内数据，回顾了报告服用有机硝酸盐（作为一氧化氮供体）的受试者的观察性和病例对照研究，并回顾了硝酸盐对骨密度测量和骨折风险的影响。
