Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011 Dec;1243:119-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06321.x.
The clinical care of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has greatly improved over the past few decades; however, it remains impossible to completely normalize blood sugar utilizing currently available tools. Research is underway with a goal to improve the care and, ultimately, to cure T1D by preserving beta cells. This review will outline the progress that has been made in trials aimed at preserving insulin secretion in T1D by modifying the immune assault on the pancreatic beta cell. Although not yet ready for clinical use, successful trials have been conducted in new-onset T1D that demonstrated utility of three experimental agents with disparate modes of action (anti-T cell, anti-B cell, and costimulation blockade) to preserve insulin secretion. In contrast, prevention studies have so far failed to produce positive results but have shown that such studies are feasible and have identified new promising agents for study.
在过去的几十年中，1 型糖尿病（T1D）患者的临床护理有了很大的改善；然而，利用目前可用的工具，仍然不可能完全使血糖正常化。目前正在进行研究，旨在通过保护β细胞来改善护理，最终治愈 T1D。这篇综述将概述在通过改变对胰岛β细胞的免疫攻击来保护 T1D 中胰岛素分泌的试验中所取得的进展。尽管这些试验还没有准备好用于临床使用，但在新发 T1D 中进行的成功试验已经证明了三种作用方式不同的实验药物（抗 T 细胞、抗 B 细胞和共刺激阻断）在保护胰岛素分泌方面的效用。相比之下，预防研究迄今尚未取得积极成果，但表明此类研究是可行的，并为进一步研究确定了新的有前途的药物。
