Buergi L P, Roltsch W J, Mills N J
Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Mulford Hall, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720-3114, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2011 Dec;40(6):1370-7. doi: 10.1603/EN11165.
The light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker), is native to Australia and first was detected in California in 2006. In this study, we regularly sampled populations on Leptospermum laevigatum (Gaertn.) F.Muell. at two sites in San Francisco and on Arctostaphylos densiflora M.S. Baker at two sites in Santa Cruz over a 2-yr period to monitor the abundance, age structure, and voltinism of this potential pest in relation to degree-days. Our results showed that larval abundance declined at two sites, cycled with peaks in midsummer at one site, and remained steady at one site. Generations overlapped at all four sites with the full range of larval instars being present for most of the year, although populations during the winter were predominantly mid to late instars. Accumulated degree-days predict an average of 3.27 and 4.58 generations per year in San Francisco and Santa Cruz, respectively, which matched our observed peaks of late-instar larvae in the field remarkably well. This new information on light brown apple moth phenology in coastal California will be invaluable for the development of effective monitoring and management strategies for this new invader in the studied region.
浅褐苹果蛾（Epiphyas postvittana (Walker)）原产于澳大利亚，2006年首次在加利福尼亚被发现。在本研究中，我们在两年时间里定期对旧金山两个地点的光滑细籽木（Leptospermum laevigatum (Gaertn.) F.Muell.）上以及圣克鲁斯两个地点的密花熊果（Arctostaphylos densiflora M.S. Baker）上的浅褐苹果蛾种群进行采样，以监测这种潜在害虫的数量、年龄结构以及与度日相关的化性。我们的结果表明，两个地点的幼虫数量均有所下降，一个地点的数量在仲夏达到峰值呈周期性变化，另一个地点则保持稳定。在所有四个地点，世代重叠，一年中大部分时间都有各个龄期的幼虫，不过冬季的种群主要是中老龄幼虫。累计度日数预测旧金山和圣克鲁斯每年平均分别有3.27代和4.58代，这与我们在野外观察到的老龄幼虫峰值非常吻合。这些关于加利福尼亚沿海地区浅褐苹果蛾物候的新信息对于制定该研究区域内这种新入侵害虫的有效监测和管理策略将具有极高的价值。
