Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Biol Lett. 2012 Jun 23;8(3):327-9. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2011.1093. Epub 2012 Jan 4.
The ability to recognize close relatives in order to cooperate or to avoid inbreeding is widespread across all taxa. One accepted mechanism for kin recognition in birds is associative learning of visual or acoustic cues. However, how could individuals ever learn to recognize unfamiliar kin? Here, we provide the first evidence for a novel mechanism of kin recognition in birds. Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) fledglings are able to distinguish between kin and non-kin based on olfactory cues alone. Since olfactory cues are likely to be genetically based, this finding establishes a neglected mechanism of kin recognition in birds, particularly in songbirds, with potentially far-reaching consequences for both kin selection and inbreeding avoidance.
为了合作或避免近亲繁殖,识别近亲的能力在所有分类群中都很普遍。鸟类中一种被认可的亲缘识别机制是视觉或听觉线索的联想学习。然而,个体怎么能学会识别不熟悉的亲属呢?在这里,我们提供了鸟类亲缘识别的一种新机制的第一个证据。斑马雀(Taeniopygia guttata)幼鸟仅通过嗅觉线索就能区分亲属和非亲属。由于嗅觉线索可能是基于遗传的,这一发现确立了鸟类中一种被忽视的亲缘识别机制,特别是在鸣禽中,这可能对亲属选择和避免近亲繁殖都有深远的影响。