体外抗疟原虫活性的传统药用植物罗勒属植物的乙醇提取物对恶性疟原虫。

In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of traditional medicinal plant Ocimum species against Plasmodium falciparum.

机构信息

Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies, School of Marine Sciences, Alagappa University, Thondi Campus, Thondi, Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India.

出版信息

Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2012 Feb;5(2):103-6. doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60004-2.

DOI:10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60004-2

PMID:22221750

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To identify the possible antiplasmodial compounds from leaf, stem, root and flower extracts of Ocimum canum (O. canum), Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum) and Ocimum basilicum (O. basilicum).

METHODS

The O. canum, O. sanctum and O. basilicum were collected from Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu and the extraction was carried out in ethanol. The filter sterilized extracts (100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125 μg/mL) of leaf, stem, root and flower extracts of O. canum, O. sanctum and O. basilicum were tested for antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). The potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical constituents.

RESULTS

The leaf extract of O. sanctum showed excellent antiplasmodial activity (IC(50) 35.58 μg/mL) followed by leaf extract of O. basilicum (IC(50) 43.81 μg/mL). The leaf extract of O. canum, root extracts of O. sanctum and O. basilicum, the stem and flower extracts of all the three tested Ocimum species showed IC(50) values between 50 and 100 μg/mL. Statistical analysis reveals that, significant antiplasmodial activity (P <0.01) was observed between the concentrations and time of exposure. The chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it shows that, there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the ethanolic extract of O. canum, O. sanctum and O. basilicum. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, triterpenoids, proteins, resins, steroids and tannins in the ethanolic extracts of tested plants.

CONCLUSIONS

The ethanolic leaf extracts of O. sanctum possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs.

摘要

目的

从罗摩那塔普拉姆地区采集的罗勒属（Ocimum canum（O. canum）、圣罗勒（Ocimum sanctum（O. sanctum））和甜罗勒（Ocimum basilicum（O. basilicum））的叶、茎、根和花提取物中鉴定出可能具有抗疟作用的化合物。

方法

用乙醇对罗勒属（Ocimum canum（O. canum）、圣罗勒（Ocimum sanctum（O. sanctum））和甜罗勒（Ocimum basilicum（O. basilicum））的叶、茎、根和花提取物进行过滤除菌，提取物浓度分别为 100、50、25、12.5、6.25 和 3.125 μg/mL，然后检测这些提取物对恶性疟原虫（Plasmodium falciparum（P. falciparum））的抗疟活性。同时还对有潜力的提取物进行了植物化学成分检测。

结果

圣罗勒叶提取物具有极好的抗疟活性（IC（50）为 35.58 μg/mL），其次是甜罗勒叶提取物（IC（50）为 43.81 μg/mL）。奥勒冈叶提取物、圣罗勒根提取物和甜罗勒根提取物、三种奥勒冈属植物的茎和花提取物的 IC（50）值均在 50 至 100 μg/mL 之间。统计分析表明，浓度与暴露时间之间存在显著的抗疟活性（P <0.01）。同时还进行了对红细胞的化学损伤实验，结果表明，奥勒冈属植物乙醇提取物对红细胞形态没有影响。体外抗疟活性可能是由于这些植物的乙醇提取物中存在生物碱、糖苷、类黄酮、酚类、皂苷、三萜、蛋白质、树脂、甾体和单宁。