Unterman R R, Posner N A, Williams K N
Birth. 1990 Sep;17(3):131-7; discussion 138. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536x.1990.tb00717.x.
For centuries, there has been speculation regarding the etiology of postpartum depression. An improved diagnostic classification has emerged, however, as the universality of the syndrome has been recognized and the role of hormonal, genetic, and obstetric variables considered. In addition, different cultures have different perceptions of the needs of the new mother. The emphasis in investigative work now appears to be in the psychosocial and psychodynamic areas. Our recent research focused on identification of risk factors early in pregnancy, including a history of depression, separation from one or both parents in childhood or adolescence, poor parental emotional support in childhood and adulthood, poor relationship with husband or partner, economic problems, and dissatisfaction with amount of education. We suggest that physicians, nurses, and mental health professionals be aware of the emotional status of their patients, familiarize themselves with the risk factors, and initiate a program of careful postpartum follow-up. These measures will help to improve recognition and management of the woman at risk for postpartum depression.
几个世纪以来，人们一直在猜测产后抑郁症的病因。然而，随着该综合征的普遍性得到认可，以及激素、遗传和产科变量的作用得到考虑，一种改进的诊断分类方法应运而生。此外，不同文化对新妈妈的需求有不同的认知。目前调查工作的重点似乎在心理社会和心理动力学领域。我们最近的研究集中在孕期早期风险因素的识别上，这些因素包括抑郁症病史、童年或青少年时期与父母一方或双方分离、童年和成年期父母情感支持不足、与丈夫或伴侣关系不佳、经济问题以及对教育程度的不满。我们建议医生、护士和心理健康专业人员了解患者的情绪状况，熟悉风险因素，并启动一个仔细的产后随访计划。这些措施将有助于提高对有产后抑郁症风险的女性的识别和管理。
