Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Water Res. 2012 Mar 15;46(4):1301-8. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.12.035. Epub 2011 Dec 27.
The sorption and biodegradation of three sulfonamide antibiotics, namely sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfadimethoxine (SDM), and sulfamonomethoxine (SMM), in an activated sludge system were investigated. Experiments were carried out by contacting 100 μg/L of each sulfonamide compound individually with 2.56 g/L of MLSS at 25±0.5 °C, pH 7.0, and dissolved oxygen of 3.0±0.1 mg/L in a batch reactor over different periods of 2 d and 14 d. All sulfonamides were removed completely over 11-13 d. Sorptive equilibrium was established well within the first few hours, followed by a lag period of 1-3 days before biodegradation was to deplete the antibiotic compounds linearly in the ensuing 10 days. Apparent zeroth-order rate constants were obtained by regression analysis of measured aqueous concentration vs. time profiles to a kinetic model accounting for sorption and biodegradation; they were 8.1, 7.9, and 7.7 μg/L/d for SDM, SMX, and SMM, respectively, at activated sludge concentration of 2.56 g/L. The measured kinetics implied that with typical hydraulic retention time (e.g. 6 h) provided by WWTP the removal of sulfonamide compounds from the wastewater during the activated sludge process would approximate 2 μg/L.
研究了在活性污泥系统中三种磺胺类抗生素（磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶（SDM）和磺胺甲噁唑（SMM））的吸附和生物降解。通过在 25±0.5°C、pH 值为 7.0 和溶解氧为 3.0±0.1 mg/L 的间歇反应器中，将 100 μg/L 的每种磺胺类化合物与 2.56 g/L 的 MLSS 接触，进行了为期 2 天和 14 天的实验。所有磺胺类抗生素在 11-13 天内被完全去除。吸附平衡在最初的几个小时内就建立得很好，然后在生物降解开始线性消耗抗生素化合物之前，会有 1-3 天的滞后期。通过将测量的水相浓度与时间曲线回归分析到一个考虑吸附和生物降解的动力学模型，得到了表观零级速率常数；在 2.56 g/L 的活性污泥浓度下，对于 SDM、SMX 和 SMM，分别为 8.1、7.9 和 7.7 μg/L/d。测量的动力学表明，在典型的水力停留时间（例如 6 小时）下，磺胺类化合物在活性污泥过程中从废水中的去除量约为 2 μg/L。
