Weinberg J, D'Alquen G, Bezio S
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Alcohol. 1990 Sep-Oct;7(5):383-8. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(90)90020-d.
Skeletal development on gestation day 21 was examined in fetuses of alcohol-consuming (A), pair-fed (PF) and ad lib-fed (C) Sprague-Dawley females. Ethanol (36% ethanol-derived calories) was administered in liquid diets that were marginal (Diet A1) or optimal (Diet A2) in terms of pregnancy requirements (18% vs. 25% total calories as protein, respectively). For each bone studied, a lengthwise measurement was made of the whole bone and of the ossified portion(s), and percent ossification was calculated. Number of sternebral ossification centers present was also determined. Alcohol-exposed fetuses showed retarded ossification of the tibia and radius, regardless of maternal protein intake. Increasing the protein content of the alcohol diet from 18% (Diet A1) to 25% (Diet A2) significantly increased ossification of the ulna, sternum, humerus and ilium-ischium. For the ulna, A2 fetuses showed greater ossification than A1 fetuses but were still retarded compared to PF and C fetuses. For the sternum, humerus and ilium-ischium, however, ossification in A2 fetuses increased to the levels observed in the PF and C groups. In addition, number of sternebral ossification centers present was significantly increased in A2 compared to A1 fetuses. These data indicate that skeletal development provides a sensitive index of ethanol-induced developmental delay as well as interactive effects of ethanol and nutrition.
在妊娠第21天，对摄入酒精的（A组）、配对喂食的（PF组）和自由采食的（C组）斯普拉格-道利雌性大鼠的胎儿进行骨骼发育检查。以液体饲料的形式给予乙醇（占乙醇衍生热量的36%），这些饲料在妊娠需求方面处于边缘水平（饲料A1）或最佳水平（饲料A2）（蛋白质分别占总热量的18%和25%）。对于每块研究的骨骼，对整个骨骼和骨化部分进行纵向测量，并计算骨化百分比。还确定了胸骨骨化中心的数量。无论母体蛋白质摄入量如何，暴露于酒精的胎儿均表现出胫骨和桡骨骨化延迟。将酒精饲料中的蛋白质含量从18%（饲料A1）提高到25%（饲料A2），可显著增加尺骨、胸骨、肱骨和髂骨-坐骨的骨化。对于尺骨，A2组胎儿的骨化程度高于A1组胎儿，但与PF组和C组胎儿相比仍有延迟。然而，对于胸骨、肱骨和髂骨-坐骨，A2组胎儿的骨化程度增加到PF组和C组观察到的水平。此外，与A1组胎儿相比，A2组胎儿的胸骨骨化中心数量显著增加。这些数据表明，骨骼发育是乙醇诱导的发育延迟以及乙醇与营养相互作用的敏感指标。
