Krause Megan, Wheeler Thomas L, Snyder Thomas E, Richter Holly E
University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
J Pelvic Med Surg. 2009 May;15(3):105-114. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0b013e3181ab4804.
The results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) led to a distinct decline in the routine use of estrogen as preventive therapy for vasomotor symptoms, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. Without estrogen replacement, one third of women experience symptoms of atrophic vaginitis including dryness, irritation, itching and or dyspareunia. Local application of estrogen has been shown to relieve these symptoms and improve quality of life for these women. In addition, local estrogen therapy may have a favorable effect on sexuality, urinary tract infections, vaginal surgery, and incontinence. This review examines the effects of vaginally applied estrogen on the vaginal epithelium, urethra and endometrium. An accompanying review examines the systemic effects of vaginally applied estrogen.
妇女健康倡议（WHI）的结果导致绝经后女性将雌激素作为血管舒缩症状、骨质疏松症和心血管疾病预防性治疗的常规使用显著减少。在没有雌激素替代治疗的情况下，三分之一的女性会出现萎缩性阴道炎症状，包括阴道干燥、刺激、瘙痒和/或性交困难。局部应用雌激素已被证明可缓解这些症状并改善这些女性的生活质量。此外，局部雌激素治疗可能对性功能、尿路感染、阴道手术和尿失禁有积极影响。本综述探讨阴道应用雌激素对阴道上皮、尿道和子宫内膜的影响。另一篇相关综述探讨阴道应用雌激素的全身影响。
