Department of Pathology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 E Huron St, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2012 May;136(5):490-5. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2010-0308-RA. Epub 2012 Jan 9.
The prognosis for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma is poor, with an average 5-year survival of approximately 10%. Use of traditional cytokine therapy, specifically high-dose interleukin 2, is limited by significant toxicity. Better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma has led to the development of targeted therapies to inhibit specific cellular pathways leading to tumorigenesis. These drugs provide improved survival with a more favorable toxicity profile. There is ongoing investigation of markers that predict response of an individual patient to different targeted therapies.
To explain the molecular basis for vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor (antiangiogenic) and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor therapies for renal cell carcinoma, summarize the clinical trials demonstrating the effectiveness of these drugs, and describe the biomarkers shown to correlate with outcome in patients treated with targeted therapy.
All included sources are from peer-reviewed journals in PubMed (US National Library of Medicine).
Emerging evidence shows promise that biomarkers will be useful for predicting an individual patient's response to targeted therapy, leading to a more personalized approach to treating renal cell carcinoma.
转移性肾细胞癌患者的预后较差，平均 5 年生存率约为 10%。传统细胞因子治疗（特别是大剂量白细胞介素 2）的应用受到严重毒性的限制。对肾细胞癌分子发病机制的更好理解导致了靶向治疗的发展，以抑制导致肿瘤发生的特定细胞途径。这些药物提供了更好的生存，同时具有更有利的毒性特征。目前正在研究预测个体患者对不同靶向治疗反应的标志物。
解释血管内皮生长因子抑制剂（抗血管生成）和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白抑制剂治疗肾细胞癌的分子基础，总结证明这些药物有效性的临床试验，并描述与接受靶向治疗的患者结局相关的生物标志物。
所有包含的来源均来自美国国立医学图书馆 PubMed 中的同行评议期刊。
新出现的证据表明，生物标志物将有助于预测个体患者对靶向治疗的反应，从而为治疗肾细胞癌提供更具个性化的方法。
