Handelsman H
Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Publications and Information Branch, Rockville, MD 20857.
Health Technol Assess Rep. 1990(2):1-23.
Among the common procedures used in the diagnosis of impotence, neither nocturnal penile tumescence testing nor inhome monitoring devices designed to measure tumescence or rigidity is regarded as reliable for evaluating impotence. Plethysmography as a nonspecific test of vascular competence is increasingly being supplanted by Doppler ultrasound as a safe and effective diagnostic modality. Arteriography, cavernosography, and cavernosometry are established techniques for evaluating penile vasculature. Intracavernosal injection of smooth muscle relaxing drugs, endocrine assays, and electrophysiological testing are widely used for the diagnosis of impotence. Excluding implanted devices, and intracavernosal injections. Aortoiliac reconstruction, endarterectomy, or arterial dilatations are regarded as safe and effective for the treatment of proximal occlusive lesions, and venous leakage surgery is regarded as investigational. Intracavernosal injections are widely employed in clinical environments and for self-injection at home. However, this currently represents the use of FDA-approved drugs for an unlabeled indication. The use of external vacuum devices has achieved widespread use and is regarded as being safe and effective for the treatment of impotence.
在用于诊断阳痿的常见检查方法中，夜间阴茎勃起测试以及旨在测量勃起或硬度的家用监测设备，在评估阳痿方面均被认为不可靠。作为一种评估血管功能的非特异性检查方法，体积描记法正日益被多普勒超声所取代，后者是一种安全有效的诊断方式。动脉造影、海绵体造影和海绵体测压是评估阴茎血管系统的成熟技术。海绵体内注射平滑肌松弛药物、内分泌检测和电生理检查被广泛用于阳痿的诊断。除了植入装置和海绵体内注射外，腹主动脉髂动脉重建术、动脉内膜切除术或动脉扩张术被认为对于治疗近端闭塞性病变安全有效，而静脉漏手术仍处于研究阶段。海绵体内注射在临床环境以及在家自行注射中被广泛应用。然而，目前这属于使用美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的药物用于未标注的适应症。外部真空装置的使用已广泛普及，并且被认为对于治疗阳痿安全有效。
