Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Intensive Care Med. 2013 Sep-Oct;28(5):268-80. doi: 10.1177/0885066611431551. Epub 2012 Jan 9.
Thrombocytopenia is a common laboratory finding in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Potential etiologies of thrombocytopenia are myriad, ranging from acute disease processes and concomitant conditions to exposures and drugs. The mechanism of decreased platelet counts can also be varied: laboratory measurement may be spurious, platelet production may be decreased, or platelet destruction or sequestration may be increased. In addition to evaluation for the cause of thrombocytopenia, the clinician must also guard against spontaneous bleeding due to thrombocytopenia, prophylax against bleeding resulting from an invasive procedure performed in the setting of thrombocytopenia, and treat active bleeding related to thrombocytopenia.
血小板减少症是重症监护病房患者常见的实验室发现。血小板减少症的潜在病因很多，从急性疾病过程和并存病症到暴露和药物都有。血小板计数减少的机制也多种多样：实验室检测可能是假性的，血小板生成可能减少，或者血小板破坏或隔离可能增加。除了评估血小板减少症的病因外，临床医生还必须防止因血小板减少症导致自发性出血，预防在血小板减少症情况下进行有创操作导致的出血，并治疗与血小板减少症相关的活动性出血。
