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MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods.MEGA5：用于最大似然法、进化距离法和最大简约法的分子进化遗传学分析。
Mol Biol Evol. 2011 Oct;28(10):2731-9. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msr121. Epub 2011 May 4.
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Naturally occurring polymorphisms and primary drug resistance profile among antiretroviral-naive individuals in Bangalore, India.印度班加罗尔未接受过抗逆转录病毒治疗的个体中自然发生的多态性和原发性耐药谱。
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010 Oct;26(10):1097-101. doi: 10.1089/aid.2010.0092. Epub 2010 Sep 13.
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A Phase 1 study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant HIV type 1 subtype C-modified vaccinia Ankara virus vaccine candidate in Indian volunteers.一项评估重组1型人类免疫缺陷病毒C亚型修饰安卡拉痘苗病毒候选疫苗在印度志愿者中的安全性和免疫原性的1期研究。
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2009 Nov;25(11):1107-16. doi: 10.1089/aid.2009.0096.
4
Molecular characterization of tat gene and long terminal repeat region of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 detected among the injecting drug users (IDUs) of Manipur, India: identification of BC recombinants.在印度曼尼普尔邦的注射吸毒者（IDUs）中检测到的人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型 tat 基因和长末端重复序列区的分子特征：BC 重组体的鉴定。
Virus Res. 2010 Feb;147(2):195-201. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.10.024. Epub 2009 Nov 6.
5
Global HIV-1 molecular epidemiology with special reference to genetic analysis of HIV-1 subtypes circulating in North India: functional and pathogenic implications of genetic variation.全球HIV-1分子流行病学，特别提及在印度北部流行的HIV-1亚型的基因分析：基因变异的功能和致病意义。
Indian J Exp Biol. 2009 Jun;47(6):424-31.
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Genetic and functional characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 VprC variants from north India: presence of unique recombinants with mosaic genomes from B, C and D subtypes within the open reading frame of Vpr.来自印度北部的1型人类免疫缺陷病毒VprC变体的遗传和功能特征：在Vpr开放阅读框内存在具有B、C和D亚型镶嵌基因组的独特重组体。
J Gen Virol. 2009 Nov;90(Pt 11):2768-2776. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.011080-0. Epub 2009 Jul 15.
7
What does the structure-function relationship of the HIV-1 Tat protein teach us about developing an AIDS vaccine?人类免疫缺陷病毒1型反式激活因子（HIV-1 Tat）蛋白的结构-功能关系能让我们对开发艾滋病疫苗有哪些了解？
Retrovirology. 2009 May 25;6:50. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-50.
8
Profile of primary resistance in HIV-1-infected treatment-naive individuals from Western India.印度西部初治的HIV-1感染个体的原发耐药情况
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2008 Jul;24(7):987-90. doi: 10.1089/aid.2008.0079.
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Identification of unique B/C recombinant strains of HIV-1 in the southern state of Karnataka, India.
AIDS. 2005 Sep 2;19(13):1426-9. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000180795.49016.89.
10
Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C strains is a defective chemokine.人类免疫缺陷病毒1型C亚型毒株的Tat蛋白是一种有缺陷的趋化因子。
J Virol. 2004 Mar;78(5):2586-90. doi: 10.1128/jvi.78.5.2586-2590.2004.

来自印度南部临床队列的1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）反式激活因子（Tat）外显子1的基因特征：独特的流行病学特征性残基的鉴定

Genetic characterization of HIV type 1 Tat exon 1 from a southern Indian clinical cohort: identification of unique epidemiological signature residues.

作者信息

Neogi Ujjwal, Gupta Soham, Sahoo Pravat Nalini, Shet Anita, Rao Shwetha D, Ranga Udaykumar, Prasad Vinayaka R

机构信息

Clinical Virology, Department of Microbiology, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.

出版信息

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2012 Sep;28(9):1152-6. doi: 10.1089/aid.2011.0380. Epub 2012 May 2.

DOI:10.1089/aid.2011.0380
PMID:22236201
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3423656/
Abstract

The trans-activator of transcription (Tat) of HIV-1 plays an important role in viral infection and pathogenesis. We examined the genetic characteristics of exon 1 of the tat gene derived from 102 seropositive subjects from southern India. Database-derived Indian (n=105) and global (n=413) HIV-1C sequences were also used for viral epidemiological signature pattern analysis in the Tat open reading frame (ORF). We identified HIV-1C as the most predominant genetic subtype (99%) and the presence of a novel A1C recombinant strain in one study participant. After examining all the available HIV-1C Indian sequences from primary clinical isolates and database-derived sequences, we found a high level of sequence conservation (92.6 ± 12%) within Tat amino acid residues. Furthermore, signature pattern analysis identified five amino acid positions in Tat that contained signature residues unique for Indian HIV-1C consisting of 21A, 24N, 29K, 40K, and 60Q. Our data have direct relevance for subunit-based Tat HIV-1 vaccine development.

摘要

人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）的转录反式激活因子（Tat）在病毒感染和发病机制中起重要作用。我们检测了来自印度南部102名血清反应阳性受试者的tat基因第1外显子的遗传特征。来源于数据库的印度（n = 105）和全球（n = 413）HIV-1C序列也用于Tat开放阅读框（ORF）中的病毒流行病学特征模式分析。我们确定HIV-1C是最主要的遗传亚型（99%），并且在一名研究参与者中发现了一种新型A1C重组毒株。在检查了来自原发性临床分离株和数据库衍生序列的所有可用HIV-1C印度序列后，我们发现Tat氨基酸残基内存在高水平的序列保守性（92.6 ± 12%）。此外，特征模式分析确定了Tat中的五个氨基酸位置，这些位置包含印度HIV-1C特有的特征残基，即21A、24N、29K、40K和60Q。我们的数据与基于亚单位的Tat HIV-1疫苗开发直接相关。