University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
J Rural Health. 2012 Jan;28(1):63-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2011.00365.x. Epub 2011 Mar 11.
Evidence suggests that rural minority populations experience disparities in cancer screening, treatment, and outcomes. It is unknown how race/ethnicity and rurality intersect in these disparities. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the cancer screening rates among minorities in rural areas.
We utilized the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to examine rates of screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer. Bivariate analysis estimated screening rates by rurality and sociodemographics. Multivariate analysis estimated the factors that contributed to the odds of screening.
Rural residents were less likely to obtain screenings than urban residents. African Americans were more likely to be screened than whites or Hispanics. Race/ethnicity and rurality interacted, showing that African American women continued to be more likely than whites to be screened for breast or cervical cancer, but the odds decreased with rurality.
This analysis confirmed previous research which found that rural residents were less likely to obtain cancer screenings than other residents. We further found that the pattern of disparity differed according to race/ethnicity, with African Americans having favorable odds of receipt of service regardless of rurality. These results have the potential to create better targeted interventions to those groups that continue to be underserved.
有证据表明，农村少数民族人群在癌症筛查、治疗和预后方面存在差异。目前尚不清楚种族/民族和农村地区在这些差异中是如何相互作用的。本分析的目的是检查农村少数民族的癌症筛查率。
我们利用 2008 年行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）检查了乳腺癌、宫颈癌和结直肠癌的筛查率。双变量分析根据农村和社会人口统计学因素估计了筛查率。多变量分析估计了导致筛查几率的因素。
农村居民接受筛查的比例低于城市居民。非裔美国人比白人或西班牙裔人更有可能接受筛查。种族/民族和农村地区相互作用，表明非裔美国女性继续比白人更有可能接受乳腺癌或宫颈癌筛查，但随着农村地区的发展，这种几率会降低。
本分析证实了先前的研究结果，即农村居民接受癌症筛查的比例低于其他居民。我们还发现，根据种族/民族的不同，差异模式也不同，非裔美国人无论农村地区如何，获得服务的几率都较高。这些结果有可能为那些继续服务不足的群体制定更有针对性的干预措施。
