Zan Fengyu, Huo Shouliang, Xi Beidou, Zhu Chaowei, Liao Haiqing, Zhang Jingtian, Yeager Kevin M
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
J Environ Monit. 2012 Mar;14(3):804-16. doi: 10.1039/c1em10760g. Epub 2012 Jan 12.
In this study, the sediment profiles of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratios, total phosphorus, N/P ratios, C/P ratios, particle sizes, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ(13)C and δ(15)N) were used to investigate natural and anthropogenic impacts on Lake Chaohu over the past 100 years. Before 1960, Lake Chaohu experienced low productivity and a relatively steady and low nutrient input. The increasing concentration and fluxes of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, together with changes in the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of organic material in the sediment cores, suggested that the anthropogenic effects on trophic status first started because of an increase in nutrient input caused by a population increase in the drainage area. With the construction of the Chaohu Dam, an increase in the utilization of fertilizer and the population growth which occurred since 1960, stable depositional conditions and increasing nutrient input resulted in a dominantly algae-derived organic matter source and high productivity. Nutrient input increased most significantly around 1980 following the rapidly growing population, with concomitant urbanization, industrial and agricultural development. This study also revealed that the concentration and distribution of nutrients varied between different areas of sediment within Lake Chaohu because of the influence of different drainage basins and pollution sources.
在本研究中，利用总有机碳、总氮、碳氮比、总磷、氮磷比、碳磷比、粒径以及稳定碳氮同位素（δ(13)C和δ(15)N）的沉积物剖面，来研究过去100年自然和人为因素对巢湖的影响。1960年以前，巢湖生产力较低，营养物质输入相对稳定且较低。沉积物岩芯中总有机碳、总氮、总磷浓度和通量的增加，以及有机物质δ(13)C和δ(15)N的变化，表明由于流域人口增加导致营养物质输入增加，人为因素首先开始对营养状态产生影响。随着巢湖大坝的建设、化肥使用量的增加以及1960年以来的人口增长，稳定的沉积条件和不断增加的营养物质输入导致了以藻类为主的有机物质来源和高生产力。1980年左右，随着人口迅速增长，伴随城市化、工农业发展，营养物质输入增加最为显著。本研究还表明，由于不同流域和污染源的影响，巢湖沉积物不同区域的营养物质浓度和分布存在差异。
