Sätilä Heli, Vähäsarja Vesa, Paavilainen Pasi
Kanta-Hämeen keskussairaalan lastenneurologinen yksikkö, TAYS:n lastenneurologinen yksikkö.
Duodecim. 2011;127(22):2417-24.
Botulinum toxin type A treatments in children were started nearly 20 years ago. The first and still most common indication is spastic equinus gait in cerebral palsy, but other indications have emerged, such as idiopathic toe-walking, peri- and post-operative pain, drooling and idiopathic congenital torticollis. The official indication for botulinum toxin treatment is spastic equinus gait in children over 2 years of age. Botulinum toxin is known as the most potent toxin. However, it has proved to be safe and well tolerated among paediatric patients. Adverse events are infrequent, mostly bruising and limited, temporary muscle weakness. With higher doses the risk for generalized adverse events increases.
A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗儿童疾病始于近20年前。首个且仍是最常见的适应症是脑瘫中的痉挛性马蹄内翻足步态，但也出现了其他适应症，如特发性足尖行走、围手术期和术后疼痛、流涎以及特发性先天性斜颈。肉毒杆菌毒素治疗的官方适应症是2岁以上儿童的痉挛性马蹄内翻足步态。肉毒杆菌毒素是已知最具毒性的毒素。然而，事实证明它在儿科患者中是安全且耐受性良好的。不良事件很少见，主要是瘀伤和有限的、暂时的肌肉无力。剂量越高，发生全身性不良事件的风险就越大。
