MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Neuron. 2012 Jan 12;73(1):8-22. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.12.014.
Neuroimaging is central to the quest for a biological foundation of psychiatric diagnosis but so far has not yielded clinically relevant biomarkers for mental disorders. This review addresses potential reasons for this limitation and discusses refinements of paradigms and analytic techniques that may yield improved diagnostic and prognostic accuracy. Neuroimaging can also be used to probe genetically defined biological pathways underlying mental disorders, for example through the genetic imaging of variants discovered in genome-wide association studies. These approaches may ultimately reveal mechanisms through which genes contribute to psychiatric symptoms and how pharmacological and psychological interventions exert their effects.
神经影像学是寻找精神疾病生物学基础的核心，但迄今为止尚未为精神障碍提供具有临床相关性的生物标志物。本综述探讨了造成这种局限性的潜在原因，并讨论了可能提高诊断和预后准确性的范式和分析技术的改进。神经影像学还可用于探查精神障碍相关的遗传定义生物学途径，例如通过全基因组关联研究中发现的变异的遗传影像学研究。这些方法最终可能揭示基因如何导致精神症状以及药物和心理干预如何发挥作用的机制。
