Okeno Tobias O, Magothe Thomas M, Kahi Alexander K, Peters Kurt J
Animal Breeding in the Tropics and Sub-Tropics, Department of Crop and Livestock Sciences, Humboldt Universitaet zu Berlin, Philippstrasse 13, Haus 9, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2012 Aug;44(6):1279-87. doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-0069-x. Epub 2012 Jan 15.
The economic values for productive (egg number, average daily gain, live weight, and mature weight) and functional (fertility, hatchability, broodiness, survival rate, feed intake, and egg weight) traits were derived for three production systems utilizing indigenous chicken in Kenya. The production systems considered were free-range, semi-intensive, and intensive system and were evaluated based on fixed flock size and fixed feed resource production circumstances. A bio-economic model that combined potential performances, feeding strategies, optimum culling strategies, farmer's preferences and accounted for imperfect knowledge concerning risk attitude of farmers and economic dynamics was employed to derive risk-rated economic values. The economic values for all the traits were highest in free-range system under the two production circumstances and decreased with level of intensification. The economic values for egg number, average daily gain, live weight, fertility, hatchability, and survival rate were positive while those for mature weight, broodiness, egg weight, and feed intake were negative. Generally, the economic values estimated under fixed feed resource production circumstances were higher than those derived under fixed flock size. The difference between economic values estimated using simple (traditional) and risk-rated profit model functions ranged from -47.26% to +67.11% indicating that inclusion of risks in estimation of economic values is important. The results of this study suggest that improvement targeting egg number, average daily gain, live weight, fertility, hatchability, and survival rate would have a positive impact on profitability of indigenous chicken production in Kenya.
针对肯尼亚三种利用本地鸡的生产系统，得出了生产性状（产蛋数、平均日增重、活重和成熟体重）和功能性状（繁殖力、孵化率、抱窝性、成活率、采食量和蛋重）的经济价值。所考虑的生产系统为放养、半集约化和集约化系统，并基于固定的鸡群规模和固定的饲料资源生产情况进行评估。采用了一种生物经济模型，该模型结合了潜在性能、饲养策略、最佳淘汰策略、农民偏好，并考虑了农民风险态度和经济动态方面的不完全信息，以得出风险评级的经济价值。在两种生产情况下，所有性状的经济价值在放养系统中最高，并随着集约化程度的提高而降低。产蛋数、平均日增重、活重、繁殖力、孵化率和成活率的经济价值为正，而成熟体重、抱窝性、蛋重和采食量的经济价值为负。一般来说，在固定饲料资源生产情况下估计的经济价值高于在固定鸡群规模情况下得出的经济价值。使用简单（传统）利润模型函数和风险评级利润模型函数估计的经济价值之间的差异在-47.26%至+67.11%之间，这表明在经济价值估计中纳入风险很重要。本研究结果表明，针对产蛋数、平均日增重、活重、繁殖力、孵化率和成活率的改进将对肯尼亚本地鸡生产的盈利能力产生积极影响。
