Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Road, ext. U-4017, Storrs, CR 06269, USA.
Diabetes Metab. 2012 Jun;38(3):183-91. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2011.11.006. Epub 2012 Jan 16.
Low-grade inflammation is a common feature in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Heart disease, the metabolic syndrome and T2D all have in common the increased concentration of circulatory cytokines as a result of inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines are produced by different cell types and secreted into the circulation, where they regulate different tissues through their local, central and peripheral actions. This review focuses on C-reactive protein (CRP), a well-established marker of the development of inflammation, on tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, an inflammatory marker strongly associated with diabetes, and on adiponectin, a cytokine produced by adipose tissue and associated with insulin sensitivity. While it is clear from the literature that these cytokines play a major role in the development of T2D or, in the case of adiponectin, its prevention, the best strategy for favourably altering the inflammatory response is still a matter of debate.
低度炎症是 2 型糖尿病（T2D）患者的常见特征。心脏病、代谢综合征和 T2D 的共同特点是炎症导致循环细胞因子浓度升高。炎症细胞因子由不同的细胞类型产生，并分泌到循环中，通过局部、中枢和外周作用调节不同的组织。本综述重点介绍 C 反应蛋白（CRP），这是炎症发展的一个既定标志物，还介绍肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α，这是一种与糖尿病密切相关的炎症标志物，以及脂联素，这是一种由脂肪组织产生并与胰岛素敏感性相关的细胞因子。虽然文献清楚地表明，这些细胞因子在 T2D 的发展中发挥了重要作用，或者就脂联素而言，在其预防中发挥了重要作用，但改变炎症反应的最佳策略仍存在争议。
