Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Malattie Cardiovascolari e Nefrourologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy.
Acta Diabetol. 2011 Sep;48(3):183-9. doi: 10.1007/s00592-011-0278-9. Epub 2011 Mar 24.
Endothelial dysfunction and plasma markers of inflammation are significantly increased in type 2 diabetics. Several proinflammatory cytokines, acute-phase proteins, and cell adhesion molecules, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukines (IL), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), seem to play a role in the low-grade systemic inflammation observed in these subjects. Lifestyle changes are necessary to prevent atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Physical exercise is known to reduce markers of inflammation by decreasing adipocytokine production and cytokine release from skeletal muscles, endothelial cells, and immune system and also improving antioxidant status. In type 2 diabetics, aerobic and resistance training have different effects on cytokine levels, and the differences in the modalities of exercise (type, duration, and intensity) and especially in the examined population could produce different results. Recent research showed that combined exercise has greater anti-inflammatory effects than aerobic or resistance exercise alone causing a deepest decrease in CRP, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, leptin, and resistin and a higher increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, and adiponectin.
2 型糖尿病患者的内皮功能障碍和血浆炎症标志物显著增加。几种促炎细胞因子、急性期蛋白和细胞黏附分子，如 C 反应蛋白 (CRP)、白细胞介素 (IL) 和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)，似乎在这些患者中观察到的低度全身炎症中发挥作用。生活方式的改变对于预防动脉粥样硬化和心血管事件是必要的。运动已知可通过减少脂肪细胞因子的产生和减少来自骨骼肌、内皮细胞和免疫系统的细胞因子释放，并改善抗氧化状态，从而降低炎症标志物。在 2 型糖尿病患者中，有氧运动和抗阻训练对细胞因子水平有不同的影响，运动方式（类型、持续时间和强度）的差异以及特别是在被检查的人群中可能产生不同的结果。最近的研究表明，与单独的有氧运动或抗阻运动相比，结合运动具有更强的抗炎作用，导致 CRP、IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、瘦素和抵抗素的降低幅度最大，并使抗炎细胞因子（如 IL-4、IL-10 和脂联素）的增加幅度最大。
