Department of Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, 95064, USA.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2012 Feb 28;370(1961):892-906. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0461.
The goal for the detection of new physics processes in particle collisions at Large Hadron Collider energies, combined with the broad spectrum of possibilities for how the physics might be manifest, leads to detectors of unprecedented scope and size for particle physics experiments at colliders. The resulting two detectors, ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) and CMS (compact muon spectrometer), must search for the new physics processes within very complex events arising from the very high-energy collisions. The two experiments share many basic design features-in particular, the need for very selective triggering to weed out the bulk of the uninteresting events; the order in which detector types are arrayed in order to provide maximum information about each event; and the very large angular coverage required to constrain the energy carried by any non-interacting particles. However, within these basic constraints, the detectors are quite different given the different emphases placed on issues such as resolution and background rejection. Both common features and the distinct differences will be presented.
在大型强子对撞机能量下的粒子碰撞中检测新物理过程的目标，结合物理可能表现出来的广泛可能性，导致了对粒子物理碰撞实验探测器前所未有的范围和规模。由此产生的两个探测器，ATLAS（环形强子对撞机仪器）和 CMS（紧凑 μ 子谱仪），必须在非常复杂的高能碰撞事件中寻找新的物理过程。这两个实验具有许多基本的设计特点——特别是需要非常有选择性的触发，以剔除大部分不感兴趣的事件；探测器类型的排列顺序，以便为每个事件提供最大的信息；以及非常大的角覆盖范围，以限制任何非相互作用粒子所携带的能量。然而，在这些基本的限制下，由于对分辨率和背景抑制等问题的重视程度不同，探测器有很大的不同。将介绍共同的特点和明显的区别。
