Brownlie B E, Wells J E
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1990 Aug;33(2):249-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1990.tb00489.x.
In a 3-year (1983-1985) epidemiological study of thyrotoxicosis in North Canterbury, New Zealand, the annual incidence was 25.8 per 100,000 (female 40.7, male 10.5). Thyroid scintiscanning showed that 64% had diffuse hyperplasia (DH), 27% toxic multinodular goitre (TMG), 7% toxic uninodular goitre (TUG), and 2% zero uptake. The calculated annual incidence of toxic diffuse goitre (DH) was 15 per 100,000, and for toxic nodular goitre (TMG and TUG combined) was 8 per 100,000. The age-related incidence for toxic diffuse goitre peaked in middle life whereas toxic nodular goitre showed an increasing incidence with age. There was no significant seasonal variation or rural/urban difference in incidence. Analysis of geocoded addresses did not identify areas of high incidence. The variable duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis limits the search for possible environmental trigger factors. North Canterbury was an endemic goitre area prior to the introduction of iodized salt 50 years ago, and the incidence of toxic nodular goitre is likely to fall in future.
在对新西兰北坎特伯雷地区甲状腺毒症进行的一项为期3年（1983 - 1985年）的流行病学研究中，年发病率为每10万人25.8例（女性40.7例，男性10.5例）。甲状腺闪烁扫描显示，64%患有弥漫性增生（DH），27%患有毒性多结节性甲状腺肿（TMG），7%患有毒性单结节性甲状腺肿（TUG），2%摄取率为零。计算得出毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿（DH）的年发病率为每10万人15例，毒性结节性甲状腺肿（TMG和TUG合并）的年发病率为每10万人8例。毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿的年龄相关发病率在中年达到峰值，而毒性结节性甲状腺肿的发病率随年龄增长而上升。发病率没有明显的季节性变化或城乡差异。对地理编码地址的分析未发现高发病区。诊断前症状持续时间不一限制了对可能的环境触发因素的寻找。50年前加碘盐引入之前，北坎特伯雷是地方性甲状腺肿流行区，毒性结节性甲状腺肿的发病率未来可能会下降。
