Paparo F, Ameri P, Denegri A, Revelli M, Muda A, Garlaschi G, Cimmino M A
Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Sezione di Diagnostica per Immagini, Università degli Studi di Genova.
Reumatismo. 2011 Nov 9;63(3):175-84. doi: 10.4081/reumatismo.2011.175.
Soft tissue calcinosis is a common radiographic finding, which may be related to different types of pathological processes. Multimodality imaging, combined with analysis of clinical and laboratory data, plays an important role for the differential diagnosis of these conditions. Conventional radiography is considered the first line approach to soft tissue calcinosis; CT and MRI may provide further information to better characterize calcified deposits. Imaging may help to distinguish metabolic calcification, such as primary tumoral calcinosis and the secondary one (associated with acquired disorders of calcium or phosphate regulation), from dystrophic calcification, which is associated to normal blood values of phosphate. The sedimentation sign typical of tumoral calcinosis has been demonstrated by plain film radiography, CT, MRI, and, more recently, by ultrasonography. Other types of soft tissue calcinosis may have a degenerative, metaplastic or neoplastic origin, and their characterization strongly relies on multimodality imaging.
软组织钙化是一种常见的影像学表现,可能与不同类型的病理过程相关。多模态成像结合临床和实验室数据分析,在这些疾病的鉴别诊断中起着重要作用。传统X线摄影被认为是软组织钙化的一线检查方法;CT和MRI可能提供进一步信息以更好地描述钙化沉积物的特征。成像有助于区分代谢性钙化,如原发性肿瘤性钙化和继发性肿瘤性钙化(与钙或磷调节的后天性疾病相关)与营养不良性钙化,后者与正常血磷值相关。肿瘤性钙化典型的沉降征已通过X线平片、CT、MRI以及最近的超声检查得以证实。其他类型的软组织钙化可能起源于退行性、化生或肿瘤性病变,其特征的明确很大程度上依赖于多模态成像。