Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Eur Neurol. 2012;67(2):121-8. doi: 10.1159/000334862. Epub 2012 Jan 19.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent enzymes involved in remodeling extracellular matrix and cell-matrix interactions. A pathogenic role of MMPs in neurological disorders is likely. This paper focuses on serological clinical aspects only. In multiple sclerosis, higher serum MMP-3 is seen during relapses. Lower serum MMP-8 and -9 levels correlate with fewer contrast-enhanced T(2)-weighted MRI lesions, and serum MMP-9 can be used in monitoring treatment. In myasthenia gravis, serum MMP-2, -3, and -9 levels are elevated in both generalized and ocular diseases. A proportion of the patients have markedly increased serum MMP-3. In acute stroke, higher serum MMP-9 correlates with larger infarct volume, stroke severity, and worse functional outcome, and serum MMP-3 is significantly lower than in several other neurological disorders and healthy controls. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, serum MMP-2 correlates with disease progression, and both serum MMP-1 and -2 are elevated. In Alzheimer's disease, serum MMP-3, -9, and -10 are elevated. In migraine, serum MMP-2 is elevated, and also MMP-9 in those patients with migraine without aura. MMP-9 is implicated in the pathogenesis of experimental epilepsy. A pathogenic role of MMPs in these conditions could be related to their ability to degrade extracellular matrix. MMPs may also facilitate autoimmunity.
基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）是锌依赖性酶，参与细胞外基质的重塑和细胞-基质相互作用。MMPs 在神经紊乱疾病中起致病作用的可能性较大。本文仅关注血清学临床方面。在多发性硬化症中，复发期间血清 MMP-3 升高。血清 MMP-8 和 -9 水平较低与较少的对比增强 T2 加权 MRI 病变相关，且血清 MMP-9 可用于监测治疗。在重症肌无力中，全身性和眼肌疾病患者的血清 MMP-2、-3 和 -9 水平升高。一部分患者的血清 MMP-3 明显升高。在急性中风中，较高的血清 MMP-9 与较大的梗死体积、中风严重程度和较差的功能预后相关，且血清 MMP-3 显著低于其他几种神经紊乱疾病和健康对照组。在肌萎缩侧索硬化症中，血清 MMP-2 与疾病进展相关，且血清 MMP-1 和 -2 均升高。在阿尔茨海默病中，血清 MMP-3、-9 和 -10 升高。在偏头痛中，血清 MMP-2 升高，而无先兆偏头痛患者的血清 MMP-9 也升高。MMP-9 参与实验性癫痫的发病机制。这些情况下 MMPs 的致病作用可能与其降解细胞外基质的能力有关。MMPs 也可能促进自身免疫。
