APHP, Saint-Vincent de Paul-Cochin hospital, Paris, France.
Early Hum Dev. 2012 Mar;88 Suppl 1:S25-9. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.12.024. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
The rapid growth of the developing brain during early post-natal life makes it particularly vulnerable to a nutritional deficit. The neurological development of the very low birth weight preterm infant could be related to early lipid supply.
To evaluate in preterm infants of gestational age ≤ 28 weeks of amenorrhea (WA) the relations between the neurological development determined at a corrected age of one year using the test of Brunet-Lézine and 1) the cumulative intakes of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and energy during the first 28 days of life and 2) the weight gain in the first 28 days of life.
Study of a mono-centric cohort of 48 premature infants of gestational age ≤ 28 WA consecutively hospitalized and followed longitudinally up to a corrected age of one year.
In simple univariate analysis, there was a significant correlation between the developmental quotient (DQ) at a corrected age of one year and the cumulative intake of energy and lipids at 14 days of life (p=0.02, p=0.01, respectively), the number of days to reach the minimum weight (p=0.02) and the weight gain from birth to D28 of life (p=0.04). There was no correlation between the DQ and early intake of proteins or carbohydrates. In multivariate analysis, only the association between the DQ at one year of corrected age and the cumulative lipid intake at 14 days of life remained statistically significant (p=0.04).
Our study demonstrates the importance of early lipid supply during the first two weeks of life for the neurological development at a corrected age of one year of very low birth weight preterm infants.
在出生后的早期，发育中的大脑迅速增长，使其特别容易受到营养缺乏的影响。极低出生体重早产儿的神经发育可能与早期脂质供应有关。
评估胎龄≤28 周的早产儿在出生后 28 天内的累积蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪和能量摄入量以及出生后 28 天内的体重增加情况，与 1 岁时使用 Brunet-Lézine 测试确定的神经发育情况之间的关系。
这项单中心队列研究纳入了 48 名胎龄≤28 周的早产儿，他们连续住院并进行了纵向随访，直至 1 岁校正年龄。
在简单的单变量分析中，1 岁时的发育商（DQ）与 14 天时的能量和脂肪累积摄入量（p=0.02，p=0.01）、达到最小体重的天数（p=0.02）和从出生到 D28 的体重增加（p=0.04）呈显著相关。DQ 与早期蛋白质或碳水化合物的摄入量之间无相关性。在多变量分析中，仅 14 天时的累积脂肪摄入量与 1 岁时的 DQ 之间的相关性具有统计学意义（p=0.04）。
本研究表明，极低出生体重早产儿在生命的头两周内早期提供脂质对 1 岁时的神经发育非常重要。
