Department of Neurosurgery, H2 247, Neurosurgical Center Amsterdam, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Neurooncol. 2012 May;108(1):11-27. doi: 10.1007/s11060-011-0793-0. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Glioblastoma is the most common and most aggressive primary brain tumor. Despite maximum treatment, patients only have a median survival time of 15 months, because of the tumor's resistance to current therapeutic approaches. Thus far, methylation of the O (6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter has been the only confirmed molecular predictive factor in glioblastoma. Novel "genome-wide" techniques have identified additional important molecular alterations as mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and its prognostic importance. This review summarizes findings and techniques of genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional, and proteomic studies of glioblastoma. It provides the clinician with an up-to-date overview of current identified molecular alterations that should ultimately lead to new therapeutic targets and more individualized treatment approaches in glioblastoma.
胶质母细胞瘤是最常见和最具侵袭性的原发性脑肿瘤。尽管采用了最大程度的治疗，患者的中位生存时间仅为 15 个月，这是由于肿瘤对当前治疗方法的耐药性所致。迄今为止，O(6)-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA 甲基转移酶（MGMT）启动子的甲基化是胶质母细胞瘤中唯一被证实的分子预测因子。新型的“全基因组”技术已经确定了其他重要的分子改变，如异柠檬酸脱氢酶 1（IDH1）及其预后重要性的突变。本综述总结了胶质母细胞瘤的遗传、表观遗传、转录和蛋白质组学研究的发现和技术。它为临床医生提供了当前确定的分子改变的最新概述，这些改变最终将导致胶质母细胞瘤新的治疗靶点和更个体化的治疗方法。
