Gao Zoe, Meng Ngy, Muecke James, Chan Weng Onn, Piseth Horm, Kong Aimee, Jnguyenphamhh Theresa, Dehghan Yalda, Selva Dinesh, Casson Robert, Ang Kim
Sight For All Foundation, South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Adelaide, Australia.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2012 Feb;19(1):16-22. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2011.632703.
To assess the prevalence of refractive error in schoolchildren aged 12-14 years in urban and rural settings in Cambodia's Phnom Penh and Kandal provinces.
Ten schools from Phnom Penh Province and 26 schools from Kandal Province were randomly selected and surveyed in October 2010. Children were examined by teams of Australian and Cambodian optometrists, ophthalmic nurses and ophthalmologists who performed visual acuity (VA) testing and cycloplegic refraction.
A total of 5527 children were included in the study. The prevalence of uncorrected, presenting and best-corrected VA ≤ 6/12 in the better eye were 2.48% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.02-2.83%), 1.90% (95% CI 1.52-2.24%) and 0.36% (95% CI 0.20-0.52%), respectively; 43 children presented with glasses whilst a total of 315 glasses were dispensed. The total prevalence of refractive error was 6.57% (95% CI 5.91-7.22%), but there was a significant difference between urban (13.7%, 95% CI 12.2-15.2%) and rural (2.5%, 95% CI 2.03-3.07%) schools (P < 0.0001). Refractive error accounted for 91.2% of visually impaired eyes, cataract for 1.7%, and other causes for 7.1%. Myopia (spherical equivalent ≤ -0.50 diopters [D] in either eye) was associated with increased age, female gender and urban schooling.
The prevalence of refractive error was significantly higher in urban Phnom Penh schools than rural schools in Kandal Province. The prevalence of refractive error, particularly myopia was relatively low compared to previous reports in Asia. The majority of children did not have appropriate correction with spectacles, highlighting the need for more effective screening and optical intervention.
评估柬埔寨金边市和干丹省城乡12至14岁学童屈光不正的患病率。
2010年10月，从金边省随机选取10所学校，从干丹省随机选取26所学校进行调查。由澳大利亚和柬埔寨的验光师、眼科护士和眼科医生组成的团队对儿童进行检查，他们进行视力（VA）测试和睫状肌麻痹验光。
共有5527名儿童纳入研究。较好眼未矫正视力、现有视力和最佳矫正视力≤6/12的患病率分别为2.48%（95%置信区间[CI]2.02 - 2.83%）、1.90%（95%CI 1.52 - 2.24%）和0.36%（95%CI 0.20 - 0.52%）；43名儿童戴着眼镜，共配发了315副眼镜。屈光不正的总患病率为6.57%（95%CI 5.91 - 7.22%），但城市学校（13.7%，95%CI 12.2 - 15.2%）和农村学校（2.5%，95%CI 2.03 - 3.07%）之间存在显著差异（P < 0.0001）。屈光不正占视力受损眼的91.2%，白内障占1.7%，其他原因占7.1%。近视（任何一只眼的等效球镜度≤ -0.50屈光度[D]）与年龄增长、女性性别和城市学校教育相关。
金边市城市学校的屈光不正患病率显著高于干丹省农村学校。与亚洲以往的报告相比，屈光不正，尤其是近视的患病率相对较低。大多数儿童没有通过眼镜进行适当矫正，这凸显了更有效的筛查和光学干预的必要性。
